Double Stars

1. Classes of Double Stars.- 2. When Double-Star Research Began.- 3. 19th-Century Achievements.- 4. Three Quarters of This Century.- 5. Catalogues and Data References.- 6. Selective Discovery and Abundance of Binaries.- 7. Optical and Temporary Double Stars.- 8. Relative Positions in Visual Double Stars.- 9. Micrometric Observation.- 10. Interferometric Observation.- 11. Photographic Positions.- 12. Magnitudes of Double-Star Components.- 13. The Orbital Elements of a Visual Binary.- 14. Ephemeris Formulae.- 15. Determination of Visual Binary Orbits.- 16. The Thiele-van den Bos Method.- 17. The Methods by Danjon and Rabe.- 18. The Edge-on Orbit.- 19. Correcting an Orbit.- 20. Formulae for Differential Corrections.- 21. The Parabolic Orbit.- 22. Absolute Orbits and Mass Ratios.- 23. Some Results from Visual Binary Orbits.- 24. Stellar Masses.- 25. The Mass-Luminosity Relationship (MLR).- 26. Dynamical Parallaxes.- 27. Multiple Systems.- 28. Unresolved Systems.- 29. Some Systems of Special Interest.- 30. Radial Velocities.- 31. Spectroscopic Double Stars.- 32. The Elements of Spectroscopic Orbits.- 33. The Differential and the Sterne Formulae.- 34. The Combined Spectroscopic-Visual Orbit.- 35. Distortions of Radial-Velocity Curves.- 36. Photometric Double Stars and Light Curves.- 37. Classes of Eclipsing Binaries and the Roche Lobe.- 38. Limb Darkening.- 39. Concepts of Photometric Orbit Determination.- 40. The Spherical Model.- 41. Rectification and Related Precepts.- 42. Eccentric Orbits.- 43. Mass Determinations from the MLR.- 44. On the Origin of Binary Stars.- 45. Mass Transfer After the Main-Sequence Phase.- 46. Binaries of the Type W UMa.- 47. Gas Streams and Hot Spots.- 48. Apsidal Rotation.- 49. Systemic Mass Loss.- 50. Atmospheric Eclipses.- 51. The Largest Stellar Masses.- 52. Binary Components of Wolf-Rayet Type.- 53. More Systems of Special Interest.- 54. Peculiar Prototypes: ? Per and ? Lyr.- 55. Cataclysmic Binary Components.- 56. X-Ray Binaries.- References.- Index of Stars.