Doing Justice without the State

This study examines the principles and practices of the Afikpo (Eugbo) Nigeria indigenous justice system in contemporary times. Like most African societies, the Afikpo indigenous justice system employs restorative, transformative and communitarian principles in conflict resolution. Indigenous social and political institutions that function as channels for conflict resolution and justice are examined. The Afikpo indigenous justice system's continued perceived popularity and legitimacy are discussed, as is the basis of the system's co-examined. The Afikpo indigenous justice system' continued perceived popularity and legitimacy are discussed, as is the basis of the system's co-existence with the Nigerian state agencies for conflict resolution. The Afikpo indigenous is functional, effective, unique, democratic and allows for the participation of all community members. In line with its egalitarian world views, crime is viewed as a conflict between community members. As the primary stakeholders in the conflict, victims, offenders, and the community are actively involved in the definition of harm and the crafting of solutions acceptable to all stakeholders. The quality and effectiveness of justice are measured through the well-being of victims and the community members. Justice making is also an opportunity for the re-evaluation of community values and socio-economic conditions. The Afikpo indigenous justice system is victim-centered, humane and applies persuasive and re-integrative principles in adjudicating justice.