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392 Pages
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Preface.
A. Wigfield and J.S . Eccles, Introduction.
Part 1: Can I Do This Activity?.
D.H. Schunk and F. Pajares, Th e Development of Academic Self-Efficacy.
M.V. Covington and E. Dray, The Developmental Course of Achievement Motivation: A Need-Based Approach.
C.S. Dweck, The Development of Ability Conceptions.
Part 2: Do I Want to Do thi s Activity, and Why?.
A. Wigfield and J.S. Ecc les, The Development of Competence Beliefs, Expectancies for Succes s, and Achievement Values from Childhood Through Adolescence.
S. Graham and A.Z. Taylor, Ethnicity, Gender, and the Develo pment of Achievement Values.
W.S. Grolnick, S.T. Gurlan d, K.F. Jacob, and W. Decourcey, The Development of Self-Determinat ion in Middle Childhood and Adolescence.
K.A. Renninger and S. Hidi, Student Interest and Achievement: Developmental Issue s Raised by a Case Study.
E.M. Anderman, C.C. Austin, a
Industry Reviews
| Contributors | p. xiii |
| Preface | p. xv |
| Introduction | |
| Defining Motivation and its Development | p. 1 |
| Purpose of the Book | p. 4 |
| Organization and Contents of the Book | p. 5 |
| Overview of Chapters Focused on Competence-Related Beliefs | p. 6 |
| Overview of Chapters Focused on Reasons for Engaging in Achievement Activities | p. 7 |
| Chapters Focused on Students' Regulation of their Achievement Behaviors | p. 9 |
| Chapters Focused on Instructional Practices and Student Motivation | p. 9 |
| References | p. 10 |
| Can I Do This Activity? | |
| The Development of Academic Self-Efficacy | |
| Theoretical Background | p. 16 |
| Social Cognitive Theory | p. 16 |
| Relation to Other Constructs | p. 16 |
| Development of Self-Efficacy | p. 18 |
| Familial Influence on Self-Efficacy | p. 18 |
| Peer Influence | p. 18 |
| Role of Schooling | p. 19 |
| Transitional Influences | p. 20 |
| Developmental Changes in Self-Appraisal Skill | p. 21 |
| Gender and Ethnic Differences in Self-Efficacy | p. 22 |
| Gender Differences | p. 22 |
| Ethnic Differences | p. 23 |
| Self-Efficacy for Learning and Achievement | p. 24 |
| Research on Self-Efficacy | p. 25 |
| Educational Correlates of Self-Efficacy | p. 25 |
| Predictive Utility of Self-Efficacy | p. 25 |
| Effects of Instructional Practices on Self-Efficacy | p. 26 |
| Future Research Directions | p. 27 |
| Generality of Self-Efficacy | p. 27 |
| Self-Efficacy Outcomes | p. 27 |
| Technology Self-Efficacy | p. 28 |
| Conclusion | p. 28 |
| References | p. 29 |
| The Developmental Course of Achievement Motivation: A Need-Based Approach | |
| Introduction | p. 33 |
| Self-Worth Theory | p. 35 |
| Self-Determination Theory | p. 38 |
| Stage-Environmental Fit Theory | p. 39 |
| Caring about Learning: A Retrospective Study | p. 40 |
| The Role of Success | p. 42 |
| Grade-Focused Reasons for Learning | p. 44 |
| Competency | p. 45 |
| Autonomy | p. 46 |
| Relatedness | p. 46 |
| Discussion | p. 47 |
| Overview | p. 47 |
| Uniqueness of the Study | p. 49 |
| Integrating Theory and Practice | p. 51 |
| References | p. 53 |
| The Development of Ability Conceptions | |
| Introduction | p. 57 |
| Ability Conceptions in Perspective | p. 58 |
| A Preliminary Note on the Nature of Development | p. 59 |
| "Before" Conceptions of Ability | p. 60 |
| Developing Ability Conceptions | p. 62 |
| The Early Phase of Ability Conceptions (7-and 8-Year-Olds) | p. 62 |
| Ability Conceptions Coalesce and Gain Impact (10-12 Year-Olds) | p. 67 |
| After Conceptions of Ability: Individual Differences that Parallel Developmental Differences | p. 71 |
| Entity vs. Incremental Theories of Intelligence | p. 72 |
| Influences on Children's Conceptions of Intelligence | p. 76 |
| Teachers', Parents', and Evaluators' Conceptions of Ability | p. 77 |
| Gender, Race, and Culture | p. 78 |
| Gender | p. 78 |
| Race | p. 78 |
| Culture | p. 79 |
| Some Broad Questions for Future Research | p. 79 |
| Lessons from the Literature (and More Questions for the Future) | p. 80 |
| References | p. 83 |
| Do I Want to Do this Activity, and Why? | |
| The Development of Competence Beliefs, Expectancies for Success, and Achievement Values from Childhood Through Adolescence | |
| Eccles, Wigfield, and Colleagues' Expectancy-Value Model | p. 92 |
| Development of Children's Competence Beliefs, Expectancies for Success, and Achievement Task Values | p. 95 |
| The Structure of Children's Competence Beliefs and Values | p. 95 |
| Changes in the Mean Level of Children's Achievement Beliefs and Values | p. 96 |
| Gender and Ethnic Differences in Competence-Related Beliefs and Expectancies for Success | p. 97 |
| Gender Differences in Beliefs About Competence | p. 98 |
| Gender Differences in Achievement Task Values | p. 99 |
| Ethnic Differences in Competence Beliefs and Values | p. 100 |
| Expectancies, Values, Goals, and Achievement Behaviors | p. 104 |
| Relations Among Competence-Related Beliefs and Subjective Task Values | p. 104 |
| Relations of Competence-Related Beliefs, Achievement Values, and Achievement Goals | p. 106 |
| Competence Beliefs, Achievement Values, and the Self-Regulation of Achievement Behavior | p. 107 |
| Future Research Directions | p. 112 |
| Research on Competence Beliefs | p. 112 |
| Research on Achievement Values | p. 112 |
| Influence of Context on Children's Competence Beliefs and Values | p. 114 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 115 |
| References | p. 115 |
| Ethnicity, Gender, and the Development of Achievement Values | |
| Historical Perspective | p. 123 |
| Perspectives from Other Disciplines | p. 124 |
| A New Empirical Approach to the Study of Achievement Values | p. 126 |
| A Further Exploration of Stereotypes | p. 134 |
| Developmental Concerns | p. 137 |
| Summary: Ethnicity, Gender, and Developing (Declining?) Achievement Values | p. 140 |
| Five Recommendations for Motivation Theory and Research | p. 141 |
| References | p. 144 |
| The Development of Self-Determination in Middle Childhood and Adolescence | |
| Self-Determination Defined | p. 148 |
| The Expression of Self-Determination | p. 149 |
| Does Self-Determination Make a Difference? | p. 151 |
| Sex Differences | p. 153 |
| The Development of Self-Determination | p. 154 |
| Intrinsic Motivation | p. 155 |
| Facilitating Self-Determination for Extrinsically Motivated Activities | p. 158 |
| Facilitating Self-Determination in School | p. 159 |
| Facilitating Self-Determination at Home | p. 162 |
| Self-Determination and Transitions | p. 164 |
| Self-Determination in Multiple Contexts | p. 166 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 167 |
| Acknowledgment | p. 169 |
| References | p. 169 |
| Student Interest and Achievement: Developmental Issues Raised by a Case Study | |
| Sam, A Seventh Grader | p. 175 |
| Well-Developed Individual Interest and Achievement | p. 175 |
| Less-Developed Interest and Achievement | p. 178 |
| Characteristics of Interest and Achievement | p. 181 |
| Conditions and Possibilities for Interest Development | p. 184 |
| Interest and Achievement | p. 187 |
| Discussion | p. 190 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 191 |
| References | p. 191 |
| The Development of Goal Orientation | |
| What is a "Goal Orientation"? | p. 197 |
| Defining Goal Orientations | p. 198 |
| Reconciling Differences between the Various Definitions | p. 200 |
| The Importance of Goal Orientations | p. 201 |
| The Development of Goal Orientation | p. 203 |
| Goal Orientations in Young Children | p. 203 |
| Self-Perceptions of Ability and Goal Orientations during Childhood | p. 206 |
| Summary | p. 207 |
| Goal Orientation in Adolescents | p. 207 |
| Influences of Goal Orientations during Adolescence | p. 207 |
| Classroom Influences on Goal Orientations during Adolescence | p. 208 |
| School Influences on Goal Orientations during Adolescence | p. 211 |
| Goal Orientations in High School | p. 213 |
| Discussion | p. 213 |
| New Areas of Inquiry | p. 214 |
| Conclusions | p. 217 |
| References | p. 217 |
| The Contribution of Social Goal Setting to Children's School Adjustment | |
| Perspectives on Social Goals | p. 222 |
| Social Goal Setting as a Social--Cognitive Skill | p. 222 |
| Social Goal Pursuit as an Aspect of Competence | p. 225 |
| Social Goals as Generalized Motivational Orientations | p. 228 |
| Coordinating Multiple Perspectives on Social Goal Setting | p. 232 |
| The Development of Social Goals | p. 233 |
| Social Orientations and Needs | p. 234 |
| Context-Specific Competence and Goal Pursuit | p. 236 |
| Social Cognition and Goal Setting | p. 237 |
| Implications for Understanding School Adjustment | p. 238 |
| Conclusion | p. 240 |
| References | p. 241 |
| What Do I Need to Do to Succeed? | |
| The Development of Academic Self-Regulation: The Role of Cognitive and Motivational Factors | |
| What Develops in Self-Regulated Learning? | p. 250 |
| The Role of Cognitive Factors in the Development of Self-Regulation | p. 255 |
| The Role of Developmental Differences In Working Memory | p. 255 |
| The Role of Prior Content Knowledge in Working Memory Functioning and Self-Regulation | p. 257 |
| The Role of Metacognitive Knowledge in the Development of Self-Regulation | p. 258 |
| The Role of Theories in the Development of Self-Regulation | p. 259 |
| Self-Regulation as a Depletable Resource | p. 263 |
| The Role of Motivational Factors in the Development of Self-Regulated Learning | p. 266 |
| The Role of Efficacy and Competence Judgments | p. 267 |
| The Role of Interest and Value Beliefs | p. 271 |
| The Role of Goal Orientation | p. 272 |
| The Moderating Role of Gender and Ethnicity | p. 274 |
| Conclusions and Future Directions | p. 277 |
| Acknowledgment | p. 279 |
| References | p. 279 |
| What Do I Need to Do to Succeed ...When I Don't Understand What I'm Doing!?: Developmental Influences on Students' Adaptive Help Seeking | |
| Introduction | p. 285 |
| Developmental Theories Related to Students' Help Seeking | p. 287 |
| The Role of Teachers | p. 288 |
| Teacher Involvement | p. 288 |
| Support for Autonomy | p. 291 |
| Support for Competence | p. 293 |
| The Role of Peers | p. 296 |
| Peer Involvement | p. 297 |
| Support for Autonomy | p. 298 |
| Support for Competence | p. 300 |
| Concluding Thoughts and Ideas for Future Research | p. 301 |
| References | p. 303 |
| Motivation and Instruction | |
| Good Instruction is Motivating | |
| Teaching and Learning Literature | p. 310 |
| Achievement Motivation Literature | p. 311 |
| Focus on Challenging, Conceptual Thinking | p. 312 |
| Focus on Learning and Understanding | p. 313 |
| Active Participation and Control | p. 313 |
| Authenticity and Meaningfulness | p. 314 |
| Mathematics Instruction Study | p. 315 |
| Classroom Instruction | p. 315 |
| Student Motivation | p. 316 |
| Findings | p. 316 |
| School Transition Study | p. 318 |
| Assessments of Instruction | p. 320 |
| Student Engagement | p. 322 |
| Academic Achievement | p. 322 |
| Findings | p. 323 |
| Discussion | p. 326 |
| Early Childhood Study | p. 327 |
| Conclusions | p. 329 |
| References | p. 330 |
| Instructional Practices and Motivation During Middle School (with Special Attention to Science) | |
| What Works in Middle Grades Reform? | p. 335 |
| Moving Beyond the Textbook in Science Class: The Motivational Benefits of "Minds-On" and "Hands-On" Learning Opportunities | p. 337 |
| A Field Study in Two High-Poverty Middle Schools | p. 338 |
| Central Tendency and Between-Classroom Variation in Instructional Practices | p. 341 |
| Predicting Motivational Outcomes Based Upon Between-Classroom Variation in Instructional Practices | p. 342 |
| Answers to Additional Key Questions about the Results | p. 345 |
| Active, Meaning-Oriented Instructional Practices in Other Subjects | p. 346 |
| Acknowledgment | p. 348 |
| References | p. 348 |
| Index | p. 353 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780127500539
ISBN-10: 0127500537
Series: Educational Psychology Series
Published: 1st February 2002
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 392
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: Academic Press
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 22.86 x 15.88 x 2.54
Weight (kg): 0.64
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