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Designing Teaching Strategies
An Applied Behavior Analysis Systems Approach
By:Â R. Douglas Greer
Hardcover | 17 July 2002
At a Glance
363 Pages
22.86 x 15.24 x 1.91
Hardcover
RRP $179.95
$164.75
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The book provides important information both to trainers of future teachers, current teachers, and to supervisors and policy makers in education. To trainers there is information on how to motivate, mentor, and instruct in-service teachers to use the best scientifically based teaching strategies and tactics. To in-service teachers, there is information on how to provide individualized instruction in classrooms with multiple learning and behavior problems, school interventions to help prevent vandalism and truancy, and how curricula and instruction can be designed to teach functional repetoirs rather than inert ideas. To policy makers and supervisors, the book discusses how to determine the effectiveness of curricular innitiatives toward meeting mandated standards in national assessments.
Doug Greer was recently awarded the Fred S. Keller Award for Distinguished Contributions to Education by APA for the research and application of the material covered in this book. School programs incorporating the material used in this book have produced 4-7 times more learning outcomes for students than control and baseline educational programs (see www.cabas.com)
The book provides research-based and field-tested procedures for:
* Teaching students of all ability levels ranging from preschool to secondary school
* How to teach special education students in the context of a regular classroom
* Best practices for all teachers to teach more effectively
* Means of monitoring and motivating teachers' practices
* A comprehensive and system-wide science of teaching-post modern-postmodern!
* Tested procedures that result in four to seven times more learning for all
students
* Tested procedures for supervisors to use with teachers that result in
significant student learning
* Tested procedures for providing the highest accountability
* A systems approach for schooling problems that provide solutions rather
than blame
* Parent approved and parent requested educational practices
* Means for psychologists to work with teachers and students to solve
behavior and learning problems
* A comprehensive systems science of schooling
* An advanced and sophisticated science of pedagogy and curriculum design
* Students who are not being served with traditional education can meet or
exceed the performance of their more fortunate peers,
* Supervisors can mentor teachers and therapists to provide state of the
science instruction
* Parent education can create a professional setting for parents, educators,
and therapists to work together in the best interests of the student,
* Teachers and supervisors who measure as they teach produce significantly
better outcomes for students,
* Systemic solutions to instructional and behavioral problems involving
teachers, parents, supervisors provide means to pursue problems to their
solution,
* A science of teaching, as opposed to an art of teaching, can provide an
educational system that treats the students and the parents as the clients.
Industry Reviews
| Preface | p. xv |
| Advanced Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis to Teaching | |
| Teaching as Applied Behavior Analysis: a Professional Difference | |
| A Definition of Teaching and Pedagogy | p. 3 |
| Dynamic Nature of Teaching | p. 5 |
| Teaching as a Scientifically Based Profession | p. 7 |
| Prerequisite Repertoires for the Audience of This Text | p. 13 |
| Characteristic Practices of Teaching as Applied Behavior Analysis | p. 14 |
| The Organization of the Text | p. 15 |
| The Components of Teaching as Advanced Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis | p. 15 |
| A Reconceptualization of the Analysis and Organization of Curricula from the Perspective of Behavior Selection and the Concepts of Verbal Behavior | p. 15 |
| An Organizational and Professional Support System to Teach and Support Expert Pedagogy and Curricular Design | p. 15 |
| References | p. 16 |
| The Learn Unit: a Natural Fracture of Teaching | |
| A Measure for Teaching | p. 18 |
| The Basic Unit of Pedagogy | p. 19 |
| The Research Base | p. 23 |
| Analyses of the Components of the Student's Three-Term Contingency in the Learn Unit | p. 26 |
| The Role of S[superscript d] | p. 26 |
| The Response Component | p. 27 |
| Reinforcement and Corrections | p. 27 |
| The Three-Term Contingency | p. 28 |
| The Presence and Absence of Learn Units in Educational Practice | p. 28 |
| Learn Units and Programmed Instruction | p. 28 |
| Scripted Instructions, Guided Notes, and Learn Units | p. 29 |
| Incidence of Learn Units in Common Practice | p. 29 |
| Choice of the Term | p. 30 |
| Other Literature on Operant Episodes | p. 30 |
| The Converging Literature | p. 32 |
| Student Progress and Changes in the Location and Frequency of Learn Units | p. 32 |
| The Learn Unit as an Analytic Tool | p. 34 |
| Functions of Learn Units | p. 36 |
| References | p. 36 |
| The Repertoires of Teachers Who are Behavior Analysts | |
| The Repertoires of the Teacher as Strategic Scientist | p. 42 |
| The Contingency-Shaped Repertoires of Teaching | p. 43 |
| The Vocabulary of the Science and Its Role in a Strategic Science of Teaching | p. 48 |
| The Verbally Mediated Repertoire and Its Role in a Strategic Science of Teaching | p. 49 |
| References | p. 54 |
| The Strategic Analysis of Instruction and Learning | |
| Verbally Mediated Repertoires | p. 56 |
| The Decision Tree | p. 58 |
| Strategic Questions | p. 62 |
| Identifying Instructional Problems Using Visual Displays of Student Response to Instruction | p. 64 |
| Learn Unit Analysis Decision | p. 65 |
| Strategic Questions to Ask about Prerequisite Repertoires | p. 66 |
| Strategic Questions to Ask about Motivational Conditions and Settings | p. 69 |
| Antecedent Control | p. 71 |
| Response Parameters | p. 73 |
| Strategic Questions about Postcedents (Consequences) | p. 76 |
| Summary of Applications of the Verbally Mediated Repertoire | p. 81 |
| References | p. 82 |
| Teacher Repertoires for Students from Prelistener to Early Reader Status | |
| The Target Instructional Stages That Determine Teaching Repertoires | p. 86 |
| Sample Instructional Goals for the Learning Stages for Foundational Communication | p. 89 |
| Listener and Instructional Control Stage | p. 90 |
| Speaker Behavior (Speaker Stage) | p. 90 |
| The Conversational Exchange Stage | p. 91 |
| Self-Talk Stage (Speaker as Own Listener) | p. 92 |
| The Early Reader Stage: First Steps to Textural Control | p. 93 |
| Why Learn Units Are So Teacher-Intensive | p. 94 |
| Teaching Operations Needed | p. 95 |
| Managing Individualized Instruction in a Classroom Setting: What to Do with the Other Students | p. 96 |
| Individualized Interactions between Teacher and Student | p. 99 |
| Tacting the Events in the Classroom as a Scientist: Toward Analytic Expertise | p. 100 |
| Examples of Tactic Selection Operations | p. 102 |
| Summary | p. 105 |
| References | p. 113 |
| Teaching Practices for Students with Advanced Repertoires of Verbal Behavior (Reader to Editor of Own Written Work) | |
| Repertoires for 2000 | p. 116 |
| Design and Teaching Operations for Academic Literacy | p. 119 |
| Teaching Operations and Curriculum Design for Fluent Reading | p. 120 |
| Personalized System of Instruction | p. 120 |
| Tutoring | p. 122 |
| Combining Curriculum with PSI, Tutoring, and Self-Management | p. 122 |
| Teaching Operations for Fluent Mathematical Computation and the Component Skills of Thinking | p. 123 |
| The Teaching Operation and Classroom Design Operations to Promote Effective Writing Repertoires | p. 124 |
| The Teaching Repertoires and Classroom Design Operations to Promote Self-Editing Repertoires | p. 128 |
| Design and Teaching Operations for Discipline-Based Problem Solving | p. 128 |
| Learner-Controlled Instruction and Time Management | p. 131 |
| A Comprehensive Token Economy/Point System | p. 133 |
| An Exemplar Sequence for Teaching Self-Management | p. 134 |
| Design and Teaching Operations for Expanding the Students' Community of Reinforcers | p. 137 |
| Summary | p. 140 |
| Tactics for Teaching Advanced Verbal Repertoires | p. 141 |
| References | p. 143 |
| Functional Repertoires: Curricula from the Perspective of Behavior Selection and Verbal Behavior | |
| Behavioral Selection and the Content of Curriculum | |
| Behavior Selection and Curriculum Analysis | p. 151 |
| Functions versus Structure | p. 153 |
| The Functions of Academic Responses | p. 153 |
| Curriculum Design for Complex Human Behavior | p. 158 |
| Contributions of Verbal Behavior to Curriculum Design | p. 163 |
| Spontaneous Verbal Behavior | p. 164 |
| Speaker versus Listener Behavior | p. 164 |
| Writer versus Reader Behaviors | p. 165 |
| Editing Functions | p. 166 |
| Verbally Mediated versus Contingency-Shaped Behavior | p. 167 |
| Verbally Mediated Behavior | p. 168 |
| Intraverbal Behavior | p. 171 |
| Conversational Units of Verbal Behavior | p. 171 |
| Individual versus Group Instruction: A Functional Perspective | p. 171 |
| Learning to Function in Group Problem Solving | p. 173 |
| Natural Fractures in the Educational Curriculum | p. 173 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 176 |
| References | p. 176 |
| Writing and Designing Curricula | |
| Curricula as Repertoires | p. 180 |
| Modes of Curriculum | p. 181 |
| Basic Academic Literacy | p. 181 |
| Self-Management/Self-Instruction | p. 183 |
| Problem-Solving Instruction | p. 183 |
| Enlarged Community of Reinforcers | p. 184 |
| Writing Programs of Instruction in Scripted or Automated Formats | p. 185 |
| Automated Programmed Instruction | p. 187 |
| Writing as a Problem-Solving Repertoire | p. 194 |
| The Writer as Reader: A Self-Editing Function | p. 196 |
| The Learn Units of Writing | p. 198 |
| Generic Measurement Criteria for Establishing the Mastery of Instructional Objectives | p. 199 |
| Programming for Individualization and Independence with Groups of Students | p. 201 |
| Independent Reader Classroom Design | p. 202 |
| The Self-Contained Classroom | p. 203 |
| Delivery | p. 203 |
| Subject-Matter-Specific Classrooms | p. 205 |
| Preindependent Reader Classrooms | p. 205 |
| Group Instruction as Goals | p. 206 |
| Progressive Independence Hierarchy | p. 206 |
| Summary | p. 208 |
| References | p. 209 |
| Organizational Behavior Analysis: A Support System for Expert Pedagogy and Curricular Design | |
| Teaching and Mentoring Teachers | |
| Supportive Training and Supervision of Teachers in the Classroom | p. 214 |
| Training New and Less Experienced Teachers | p. 215 |
| TPRA Observation Procedures | p. 216 |
| Objectives and Learn Units | p. 225 |
| Analysis of Instructional Decisions | p. 227 |
| Teaching, Maintaining, and Expanding Teacher Repertoires through PSI-Based Procedures | p. 232 |
| Teaching Verbal Behavior about the Science | p. 233 |
| Components of Modules for Classroom Performance | p. 235 |
| Daily Performance of All Students | p. 237 |
| Supervisory Repertoire: Critical Operations and Self Monitoring | p. 238 |
| Supervisor Modules | p. 241 |
| Collegial Relationships through Organizational Behavior Analysis | p. 242 |
| Deployment of Supervisory Staff | p. 244 |
| The Politics of Change | p. 245 |
| References | p. 247 |
| The School Psychologist and Other Supportive Personnel: A Contemporary Behavioral Perspective | |
| Treatment of "Bad Behavior" | p. 251 |
| What is Bad Behavior? | p. 252 |
| Parent Education | p. 257 |
| Academic Weaknesses: The Parents' Role | p. 259 |
| Parenting Groups | p. 260 |
| Teaching Students Behavioral Skills | p. 261 |
| Assisting in the Inclusion Process | p. 262 |
| Observing the Target Classroom and School | p. 262 |
| Rate Calculations | p. 263 |
| Learn Units | p. 263 |
| Rate Determination | p. 264 |
| Assisting Related Services Personnel | p. 266 |
| Assisting Teachers to Become Strategic Scientists of Instruction | p. 267 |
| Portfolio and Inventory Assessments: Archival Records | p. 270 |
| Selecting or Designing Inventories of Repertoires | p. 271 |
| School Survival Skills | p. 271 |
| Social Skills | p. 272 |
| Emotional/Affective Repertoire | p. 274 |
| Norm-Referenced and Projective Tests | p. 276 |
| Summary | p. 278 |
| References | p. 278 |
| Glossary | p. 281 |
| Index | p. 355 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780123008503
ISBN-10: 0123008506
Series: Educational Psychology
Published: 17th July 2002
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 363
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: Academic Press
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 22.86 x 15.24 x 1.91
Weight (kg): 0.65
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