| List of Tables | p. xii |
| List of Figures | p. xiv |
| Notes on Contributors | p. xv |
| Management of Innovation - Are We Looking at the Right Things? | p. 1 |
| Introduction: New Tendencies in Society | p. 1 |
| Bibliography | p. 5 |
| The Rise and Fall of Management of Innovation | p. 6 |
| The management of innovation concept | p. 6 |
| Historical development of the concept | p. 7 |
| Biometric analysis | p. 10 |
| Recent developments | p. 11 |
| Concluding discussion | p. 16 |
| Bibliography | p. 18 |
| From R&D Management to Management of Innovation | p. 21 |
| Introduction | p. 21 |
| The evolution of R&D management over the past 40 years? | p. 22 |
| Does the (re-)search behaviour of the innovation research community guide management of innovation? | p. 27 |
| Confrontations: generations of R&D management, big issues, and intellectual upper bounds of the innovation science community | p. 30 |
| Cleavage 1 | p. 30 |
| Cleavage 2 | p. 30 |
| Cleavage 3 | p. 30 |
| Cleavage 4 | p. 32 |
| To be forewarned is to be forearmed: some inferences | p. 34 |
| Bibliography | p. 37 |
| The Dynamics of Innovation and the Role of Companies, Institutions and Territories | p. 39 |
| Introduction: Diffusion Processes in the Firms and in the Territory | p. 39 |
| Bibliography | p. 45 |
| Co-publishing and Innovation | p. 47 |
| Introduction | p. 47 |
| Schumpeter's legacy | p. 48 |
| Where are key bioregional innovation systems, and with what specialization? | p. 55 |
| Concluding remarks | p. 63 |
| Acknowledgements | p. 65 |
| Notes | p. 66 |
| Bibliography | p. 66 |
| Agglomeration or Cross-border ICT Cluster? | p. 69 |
| Introduction | p. 69 |
| Agglomeration or cluster? | p. 70 |
| What constitutes ICT agglomerations and clusters? | p. 72 |
| Is there a cluster or an ICT agglomeration in the Oresund region? | p. 74 |
| Investigations of ICT clusters in the Oresund region | p. 74 |
| The agglomeration of ICT in the Oresund region | p. 75 |
| R&D and education in the ICT sector in the Oresund region | p. 77 |
| R&D and the relationship between firms and public institutions within the ICT sector | p. 77 |
| ICT education and cross-border integration in the Oresund region | p. 79 |
| Policies for ICT cluster development and its implications for the Oresund region | p. 81 |
| Policies for cluster development | p. 81 |
| Policies for cross-border development in the Oresund region | p. 82 |
| Conclusion | p. 84 |
| Notes | p. 85 |
| Bibliography | p. 86 |
| Innovation and Firm Consumption | p. 89 |
| Introduction | p. 89 |
| Industrial consumption | p. 90 |
| Industrial consumption: a framework | p. 92 |
| Industrial consumption as a distributed process | p. 98 |
| Consumption and innovation: the interlinked nature of goods and services | p. 100 |
| New directions | p. 103 |
| Acknowledgement | p. 105 |
| Notes | p. 105 |
| Bibliography | p. 105 |
| Innovation and Diffusion of Site-specific Crop Management | p. 110 |
| Introduction | p. 110 |
| Innovation and precision farming | p. 111 |
| Interdependences between different technologies | p. 112 |
| Methodology | p. 114 |
| Farm survey | p. 114 |
| Interviews | p. 114 |
| Interactive workshop | p. 115 |
| Results | p. 116 |
| Farm survey | p. 117 |
| Findings from workshop and interviews | p. 119 |
| Environmental impact | p. 120 |
| Economy | p. 120 |
| User requirements | p. 121 |
| Advisory service | p. 121 |
| Retailers and consumers | p. 122 |
| Conclusions | p. 122 |
| Bibliography | p. 123 |
| Organization of Innovation | p. 125 |
| Introduction: The Organizational or 'Soft' Aspects of Innovation | p. 125 |
| Bibliography | p. 130 |
| Do Network Structures Follow Innovation Strategy? | p. 131 |
| Introduction | p. 131 |
| Toward a research model | p. 134 |
| An exploratory theoretical model | p. 134 |
| Research design | p. 138 |
| Data source | p. 138 |
| Measurement of variables | p. 139 |
| Model estimation issues | p. 140 |
| Results | p. 141 |
| Discussion and conclusions | p. 142 |
| Note | p. 144 |
| Bibliography | p. 144 |
| Strategic Reflexivity as a Framework for Understanding Development in Modern Firms | p. 147 |
| Introduction | p. 147 |
| Development as the basis for theory | p. 148 |
| Strategic reflexivity | p. 149 |
| The two scripts of strategic reflexivity | p. 150 |
| The outside-in script | p. 153 |
| Pre-strategic reflections | p. 153 |
| Movement | p. 155 |
| Post-strategic reflection | p. 156 |
| The inside-out script | p. 156 |
| The organizational representation of the strategic reflexivity development process | p. 158 |
| The dual development organization | p. 158 |
| The roles of strategic reflexivity | p. 159 |
| Innovation | p. 162 |
| Uncertainties and risks in strategic reflexivity development | p. 163 |
| Conclusion | p. 163 |
| Bibliography | p. 164 |
| Innovation as Institutional Change | p. 167 |
| Introduction | p. 167 |
| Mainstream thinking | p. 168 |
| Complexity thinking | p. 169 |
| Complexity and innovation management | p. 172 |
| Institutions | p. 173 |
| Routines | p. 174 |
| Values | p. 174 |
| Innovation as institutional change | p. 175 |
| Conclusion | p. 177 |
| Notes | p. 178 |
| Bibliography | p. 179 |
| Towards a Better Measurement of the Soft Side of Innovation | p. 181 |
| Introduction | p. 181 |
| Missing out on non-technological innovation is a missed opportunity | p. 181 |
| Organization of this chapter | p. 182 |
| Current and needed insights on the soft side of innovation | p. 183 |
| An integrative approach on innovation: the 'soft-side' of innovation | p. 183 |
| Current insights on non-technological aspects (NTA) of innovation | p. 183 |
| Current insights on non-technological innovations (NTI) | p. 184 |
| The Netherlands CIS3 1/2 survey and its experimental questions on non-technological innovations | p. 185 |
| Towards an integrative-oriented approach | p. 185 |
| The questions | p. 186 |
| Results | p. 188 |
| What have we learned thus far and some options for future analysis? | p. 195 |
| What have we learned from this experiment so far? | p. 195 |
| Some options for further analysis | p. 197 |
| Some wider remarks on measuring the soft side of innovation | p. 197 |
| Notes | p. 199 |
| Bibliography | p. 200 |
| Annex 1 | p. 201 |
| Economics of Innovation | p. 203 |
| Introduction: Information, Knowledge and Appropriability | p. 203 |
| Notes | p. 206 |
| Bibliography | p. 207 |
| The Governance of Technological Knowledge | p. 208 |
| Introduction | p. 208 |
| Supply side transaction costs | p. 209 |
| A new knowledge trade-off: to use or to sell | p. 213 |
| The rationale | p. 213 |
| Knowledge transaction costs | p. 215 |
| A simple model | p. 219 |
| Implications for knowledge exploitation strategies | p. 224 |
| Conclusion | p. 226 |
| Notes | p. 228 |
| Bibliography | p. 228 |
| Prizes as Incentives | p. 230 |
| Introduction | p. 230 |
| Prizes as incentives to R&D | p. 231 |
| The comparative incentive effects of prizes | p. 231 |
| The problem of contest design | p. 234 |
| Three aviation contests | p. 235 |
| Motorized flight | p. 235 |
| Human-powered flight | p. 237 |
| Space flight | p. 238 |
| How important were prizes in stimulating innovation in the aviation industry? | p. 240 |
| Concluding remarks | p. 243 |
| Notes | p. 244 |
| Bibliography | p. 245 |
| Websites | p. 246 |
| Patent Policies of Small Danish Firms in Three Industries | p. 248 |
| Introduction | p. 248 |
| Theoretical background | p. 249 |
| Empirical data | p. 252 |
| Results of the empirical study | p. 253 |
| Telecommunications | p. 253 |
| Software | p. 255 |
| Biotechnology | p. 257 |
| Concluding remarks | p. 259 |
| Acknowledgements | p. 260 |
| Notes | p. 261 |
| Bibliography | p. 261 |
| Index | p. 264 |
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