| preface: Complications in Dentoalveolar Surgery | p. ix |
| Complications of Local Anestheisa Used in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | p. 369 |
| Local anesthetics are used routinely in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Local anesthetics are safe and effective drugs but do have risks that practitioners need to be aware of. This article reviews the complications of local anesthesisa. A brief history is provided and the regional and systemic complications that can arise from using local anesthesia are discussed. These complications include paresthesia, ocular complications, allergies, toxicity, and methemoglobinemia. Understanding the risks involved with local anesthesia decreases the chances of adverse events occurring and ultimately leads to improved patined care. | |
| Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Displacement Complications | p. 379 |
| Displaced objects can occur in the practice of almost all procedures performed in the scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Anticipation of such occurrences is the hallmake of their prevention. The institution of proper techniques can help in reducing such occurrences. Knowledge of the techniques avaliable in treating these incidences can greatly assist in their resolutions. This article sheds light on the prevention and management of such dreaded mishaps. | |
| complications in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Management of Hemostasis and Bleeding Disorders in Surgical Procedures | p. 387 |
| Oral and maxillofacial surgeons perform a wide variety of surgical prodcedures. One of the major complications of these various surgical techniques is uncontrolled bleeding. The best management of perioperative hemorrhage is prevention. This includes proper preoperative patient evaluation, knowledge of the various bleeding disorders, and the characterization of the correct methods of management. This article evaluates various causes of bleeding, and identifies both local and systemic and pathways. Considerations of treatment of patient with these various disorders are discussed regarding the best management options for adequate hemostasis. | |
| Dentoalvelor Nerve Injury | p. 395 |
| Nerve injury associated with dentoalveolar surgery is a complication contributing to the altered sensation of the lower lips, chin, buccal gingivae, and tongue. This surgery-related sensory defect is a morbid postoperative outcome. Several risk factors have been proposed. this article reviews the incidence of trigeminal nerve injury, presurgical risk assessment, classification, and surgical coronectomy versus conventional extraction as an approach to prevent neurosensory damage associated with dentoalveolar surgery. | |
| Alveolar Osteitis and Osteomyelitis of the Jaws | p. 401 |
| Postoperative bone healing after oral surgical procedures occurs uneventfully in most cases. However, in certain patients, the normal process of healing can be delayed and, in some cases, often because of multiple coexisting factors, the sites can become infected, with extension of the infection into medually bone. This process is termed osteomyelitis. This article outlines the pathogenesis, microbiology, and surgical and medical therapies of this condition and specifically addresses osteomyelitis cases related to patients with no documented history of radiaton or bisphosphonate exposure and in whom the principal factor in the development of the condition is infection by pyogenic microorganisms. | |
| Dentoalveolar Infections | p. 415 |
| Dentoalveloar infections represent a wide spectrum of confitions, from simple localized abscesses to deep neck space infections. The initial assessment of the patient with a dentoalveolar infection requires considerable clinical skill and experience, and determines the need for further airway management or emergent surgical therapy. Knowledge of head and neck fascial space anatomy is essential in diagnosing, understanding spread, and surgically managing these infections. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must make use of their wide spectrum of clinical skill and knowledge to effectively evaluate and treat patients with dentoalvelor infections. | |
| Craniocervical Necrotizling Fasciitis Resulting from Dentoalveolra Infection | p. 425 |
| Craniocervical necrotizing fasciitis is a rare infectious process that can be life-threatening. It most commonly occurs as a result of a severe dentoalveolar infection. This article reviews the diagnosis, microbiology, anatomy, and pathophsiology behind this infectious process; the incidence; and the recommended treatments and thereapies. It is hoped that this article provides the treating health care provider with an up-to-date review of this serious infections process. | |
| Complications in Bone Grafting | p. 433 |
| Autogenous bone grafts continue to have wide use for reconstructing alveolar defects because of the many advantages associated with them. Although complications are low, the harvesting of bone grafts does have the risk of morbidity, which varies based on the harvest site chosen. Patients should be informed of possible complications associated with bone harvest as well as complications that many develop at the grafted site. | |
| Bisphosphonates and Oral Health: Primer and an Update for the Practicing Surgeon | p. 443 |
| Oral and intravenous bisphosphonates have been in clinical use for two decades for the treatment of patients with malignancy, osteoporosis, and other diseases affecting bone metabolism. The purpose of this article is to review the features of these drugs, their effect on the diseasest hey treat, the oral findings associated with their use and the assessment of osteonecrosis incidence, pathophysiology, with some insights into treatment. | |
| Osteoradionecrosis | p. 455 |
| Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a servere complicaton of radiation therapy for head and incek cancer. The current theory in its pathophysiology is thought to be radiationinduced fibroatrophy of the bone. Location of primary tumor, stage of cancer, dose of radiation, oral hygiene, and smoking and alcohol use are risk factors in the development of ORN. Prevention is focused on thorough dental care before, during, and after radiation therapy. Treatment ranges from conservative management with oral rinses and local debridement to radical resection with microvascular free tissue transfer and reconstruction. | |
| Failure to Diagnose Pathology: An Avoidable Complication in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | p. 465 |
| The routine submission of abnormal tissue for histopathologic diagnosis is a vital link in the appropriate management of patients. Receipt of a biopsy report bring the usual case to its full conclusion. Patients are best served when clincial impressions are verified by histopathologic examination, and this in turn will reduce the likelihood of successful malpractice litigation for failure or delay in diagnosis. | |
| The Law and Dentoalvelor Complicatons: Treands and Controlversies | p. 475 |
| Complications an inherent part of oral and maxillofacial surgery. A risk in surgery is a complication that occurs despite treatment that meets or exceeds the professional standard of care. When treatment fails to meet the standard of care, a complication may be considered the result of malpractice, resulting in claims for complensation. Whether a surgical procedure meets the standard of care is determined by expert witnesses evaluating evidence. This article reviews legal issues and cases where complications have resulted in claims of malpractice. Recommendations for patient communication and documentation to reduce or eliminate such claims are presentated. | |
| Index | p. 485 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
