Preface: The Therapist’s Challenge xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Abbreviations Used in Multiple Chapters xv
Introduction: Integrating Science and Art in Therapy xvii
About the Companion Website xxv
Part I The Tools of the Therapist
1 Therapy Fundamentals 3
The Therapeutic Orientation Toward Clients 4
Getting Started 8
Basic Child Therapy Skills 12
Overcoming Obstacles to Client Engagement 24
Motivational Interviewing 28
Simple Therapeutic Interventions 32
Therapeutic Collaborations 35
Termination 38
Summary 39
2 Behavior Therapy 41
Learning Theory 42
Assessment and Case Formulation 48
Change Processes 52
Outcome Research 53
The Therapist’s Style 56
Exposure 56
Contingency Contracting 58
Relaxation Training 65
Social Skills Training 67
Summary 71
3 Cognitive Therapy 73
Cognitive Theory 74
Assessment and Case Formulation 80
Change Processes 84
Outcome Research 86
The Therapist’s Style 87
Self- Monitoring 88
Self- Instruction 89
Self- Reinforcement 91
Socratic Questioning 93
Cognitive Restructuring 94
Tests of Evidence 97
Personal Experiments 100
Using Spectrums to Develop Moderation 101
Summary 104
4 Mindfulness- Based Cognitive- Behavioral Therapies 107
Mindfulness and Psychotherapy 108
Assessment and Case Formulation 114
Change Processes 117
Outcome Research 121
The Therapist’s Style 123
Mindfulness Training Exercises 124
Dialectical Behavior Therapy Implementation 127
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Implementation 135
Summary 140
5 Psychodynamic Therapy 143
Psychoanalytic Theory 144
Assessment and Case Formulation 155
Change Processes 158
Outcome Research 163
The Therapist’s Style 164
Facilitating the Expression of Material 165
Interpretation and Insight 166
Dynamic Psychoeducation 169
Corrective Emotional Experience 172
Summary 174
6 Constructivism: Solution-Focused and Narrative Therapy 177
Postmodernism and the Social Construction of Reality 178
Assessment and Case Formulation 182
Change Processes 185
Outcome Research 189
The Therapist’s Style 191
Solution- Focused Techniques 192
Narrative Therapy Techniques 200
Summary 207
7 Family Systems Therapy 211
Systems Theory 212
Assessment and Case Formulation 219
Change Processes 223
Outcome Research 225
The Therapist’s Style 227
Combining Family and Individual Modalities 227
Facilitating Communication 228
Systemic Insight 229
Reframing 231
Treating Enmeshment and Disengagement 234
Therapist Directives 235
Treating Positive Feedback Loops 236
Summary 242
8 Atheoretical and Transtheoretical Techniques 245
Miscellaneous Techniques 246
Parent Counseling 251
Balance Between Extremes 253
Psychoeducation 257
Values in Psychotherapy 264
Incorporating Experiences into New Structures of Meaning 268
Overcoming Fear of Failure 278
Summary 281
Part II The Needs of Clients
9 Cultural Factors in Therapy 285
The Role of Culture in Psychotherapy 286
Assessment 296
Treatment Planning 300
The Therapist’s Style 302
Connecting the Cultures of Therapy and Client 304
Managing Conflicts Between Client Cultures and the Predominant Culture 307
Addressing Prejudice and Discrimination 309
Bringing Spirituality into Therapy 310
Summary 313
10 Disruptive Behavior in Children 315
Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 316
Clinical Presentation and Etiology 317
Assessment 321
Treatment Planning 322
Behavioral- Systemic Parent Training 328
Collaborative Problem- Solving 342
Individual CBT With the Child 344
Psychodynamic Therapy 346
Summary 348
11 Disruptive Behavior in Adolescents 351
Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 352
Clinical Presentation and Etiology 352
Assessment 357
Treatment Planning 359
Behavioral- Systemic Therapy 362
Psychodynamic Therapy 380
Parent Counseling 381
Summary 382
12 Aggression and Violence 385
Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 386
Clinical Presentation and Etiology 386
Assessment 391
Treatment Planning 392
Addressing Decisions About Fighting 395
Violent and Peaceful Foundations of Self-Esteem 397
Bullying 398
Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy 399
Psychodynamic Therapy 415
Systems- Oriented Intervention 416
Summary 416
13 Anxiety 419
Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 420
Clinical Presentation and Etiology 421
Assessment 427
Treatment Planning 428
Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy 432
Psychodynamic Therapy 442
Parent– Child Work 447
Summary 449
14 Depression 453
Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 454
Clinical Presentation and Etiology 455
Assessment 460
Treatment Planning 462
Special Topic: Suicide Risk 466
Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy 469
Psychodynamic Therapy 480
Systemic Intervention 483
Summary 484
15 Stress and Trauma 487
Diagnoses Treated in This Chapter 488
Clinical Presentation and Etiology 488
Assessment 493
Treatment Planning 496
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 500
Coaching Clients in Coping 505
Psychodynamic Therapy 508
Constructivist Therapy 509
Systems- Oriented Intervention 509
Therapy for Parental Divorce 510
Therapy for Bereavement 513
Therapy for Sexual Abuse 516
Summary 521
Afterword: The Therapist’s Experience 523
References 525
Index 595
