| Introduction and General Aspects | p. 1 |
| References | p. 2 |
| Free Sugars | p. 3 |
| Theoretical Aspects | p. 3 |
| Synthesis | p. 3 |
| Physical Measurements | p. 10 |
| Isomerization | p. 10 |
| Oxidation | p. 11 |
| Other Aspects | p. 11 |
| References | p. 12 |
| Glycosides and Disaccharides | p. 15 |
| O-Glycosides | p. 15 |
| S-, Se- and Te-Glycosides | p. 35 |
| C-Glycosides | p. 37 |
| References | p. 46 |
| Oligosaccharides | p. 58 |
| General | p. 58 |
| Trisaccharides | p. 59 |
| Tetrasaccharides | p. 63 |
| Pentasaccharides | p. 67 |
| Hexasaccharides | p. 68 |
| Heptasaccharides | p. 71 |
| Octasaccharides | p. 72 |
| Nonasaccharides | p. 72 |
| Higher Saccharides | p. 73 |
| Cyclodextrins | p. 74 |
| References | p. 77 |
| Ethers and Anhydro-sugars | p. 85 |
| Ethers | p. 85 |
| Intramolecular Ethers (Anhydro-sugars) | p. 88 |
| References | p. 89 |
| Acetals | p. 92 |
| Acyclic Acetals | p. 92 |
| Ethylidene, Isopropylidene and Benzylidene Acetals | p. 92 |
| Other Acetals | p. 93 |
| Reactions of Acetals | p. 95 |
| References | p. 95 |
| Esters | p. 97 |
| Carboxylic Esters and Related Compounds | p. 97 |
| Phosphates and Related Esters | p. 102 |
| Sulfates and Related Esters | p. 105 |
| Sulfonates | p. 106 |
| Other Esters | p. 107 |
| References | p. 107 |
| Halogeno-sugars | p. 112 |
| Fluoro-sugars | p. 112 |
| Chloro-, Bromo- and Iodo-sugars | p. 113 |
| References | p. 115 |
| Amino-sugars | p. 116 |
| Natural Products | p. 116 |
| Syntheses | p. 116 |
| Reactions and Derivatives | p. 123 |
| Diamino-sugars | p. 128 |
| References | p. 130 |
| Miscellaneous Nitrogen-containing Derivatives | p. 133 |
| Glycosylamines and Related Glycosyl-N-bonded Compounds | p. 133 |
| Azido-sugars | p. 140 |
| Diaziridino-sugars | p. 141 |
| Oximes, Hydroxylamines and Isonitriles | p. 141 |
| Hydrazones and Related Compounds | p. 144 |
| Other Heterocycles | p. 146 |
| References | p. 149 |
| Thio- and Seleno-sugars | p. 153 |
| References | p. 159 |
| Deoxy-sugars | p. 161 |
| References | p. 164 |
| Unsaturated Derivatives | p. 166 |
| General | p. 166 |
| Pyranoid Derivatives | p. 166 |
| Furanoid Derivatives | p. 171 |
| Septanoid Derivatives | p. 172 |
| Acyclic Derivatives | p. 172 |
| References | p. 172 |
| Branched-chain Sugars | p. 174 |
| Compounds with a [characters not reproducible] Branch-point | p. 174 |
| Compounds with a [characters not reproducible] Branch-point (R=C or H) | p. 179 |
| Compounds with a [characters not reproducible] Branch-point | p. 180 |
| Compounds with a [characters not reproducible] Branch-point | p. 185 |
| Compounds with a [characters not reproducible] Branch-point | p. 186 |
| References | p. 187 |
| Aldosuloses and Other Dicarbonyl Compounds | p. 191 |
| Aldosuloses | p. 191 |
| Other Dicarbonyl Compounds | p. 192 |
| References | p. 193 |
| Sugar Acids and Lactones | p. 194 |
| Aldonic Acids and Lactones | p. 194 |
| Aldaric Acids | p. 197 |
| Ulosonic Acids | p. 197 |
| Uronic Acids | p. 199 |
| Ascorbic Acids | p. 201 |
| References | p. 202 |
| Inorganic Derivatives | p. 206 |
| Carbon-bonded Phosphorus Derivatives | p. 206 |
| Other Carbon-bonded Derivatives | p. 207 |
| Oxygen-bonded Derivatives | p. 208 |
| References | p. 209 |
| Alditols and Cyclitols | p. 210 |
| Alditols and Derivatives | p. 210 |
| Cyclitols and Derivatives | p. 226 |
| References | p. 235 |
| Antibiotics | p. 241 |
| Aminoglycosides and Aminocyclitols | p. 241 |
| Macrolide Antibiotics | p. 243 |
| Anthracyclines and Other Glycosylated Polycyclic Antibiotics | p. 244 |
| Nucleoside Antibiotics | p. 247 |
| Miscellaneous Antibiotics | p. 250 |
| References | p. 253 |
| Nucleosides | p. 256 |
| General | p. 256 |
| Synthesis | p. 256 |
| Anhydro- and Cyclo-nucleosides | p. 258 |
| Deoxynucleosides | p. 259 |
| Halogenonucleosides | p. 263 |
| Nucleosides with Nitrogen-substituted Sugars | p. 265 |
| Thio- and Seleno-nucleosides | p. 268 |
| Nucleosides with Branched-chain Sugars | p. 271 |
| Nucleosides of Unsaturated Sugars and Uronic Acids | p. 275 |
| C- Nucleosides | p. 276 |
| Carbocyclic Nucleosides | p. 278 |
| Nucleoside Phosphates and Phosphonates | p. 280 |
| Oligonucleotide Analogues with Phosphorus-free Linkages | p. 290 |
| Ethers, Esters and Acetals of Nucleosides | p. 291 |
| Miscellaneous Nucleoside Analogues | p. 294 |
| Reactions | p. 298 |
| References | p. 300 |
| NMR Spectroscopy and Conformational Features | p. 312 |
| General Aspects | p. 312 |
| Acyclic Systems | p. 312 |
| Furanose Systems | p. 313 |
| Pyranose and Related Systems | p. 314 |
| Disaccharides | p. 316 |
| Oligosaccharides | p. 317 |
| Other Compounds | p. 319 |
| NMR of Nuclei Other than [superscript 1]H and [superscript 13]C | p. 320 |
| References | p. 320 |
| Other Physical Methods | p. 325 |
| IR Spectroscopy | p. 325 |
| Mass Spectrometry | p. 325 |
| X-ray and Neutron Diffraction Crystallography | p. 327 |
| Ultraviolet and Other Spectroscopies and Physical Methods | p. 333 |
| References | p. 336 |
| Separatory and Analytical Methods | p. 342 |
| Chromatographic Methods | p. 342 |
| Electrophoresis | p. 346 |
| Other Analytical Methods | p. 347 |
| References | p. 348 |
| Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Non-carbohydrate Compounds | p. 353 |
| Carbocyclic Compounds | p. 353 |
| Lactones | p. 360 |
| Macrolides, Macrocyclic Lactams and Their Constituent Segments | p. 363 |
| Other Oxygen Heterocycles, Including Polyether Ionophores | p. 365 |
| N- and S-Heterocycles | p. 376 |
| Acyclic Compounds | p. 382 |
| Carbohydrates as Chiral Auxiliaries, Reagents and Catalysts | p. 386 |
| References | p. 391 |
| Author Index | p. 396 |
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