| Contributors | p. ix |
| Preface | p. xi |
| Gerald Aspinall, 1924-2005 | |
| Vittorio Crescenzi, 1932-2007 | |
| Developments in the Karplus Equation as they Relate to the NMR Coupling Constants of Carbohydrates | |
| Introduction | p. 18 |
| The Impact of Improved NMR Instrumentation | p. 19 |
| The Impact of Molecular Modeling | p. 20 |
| Vicinal Coupling Constants | p. 21 |
| Proton-Proton Couplings | p. 21 |
| Proton-Carbon Couplings | p. 36 |
| Proton-Nitrogen Couplings | p. 45 |
| Phosphorus Couplings | p. 47 |
| Carbon-Carbon Couplings | p. 51 |
| Other Types of Vicinal Couplings | p. 60 |
| Fluorine Couplings | p. 60 |
| Carbon-Tin Couplings | p. 64 |
| Couplings Over Four Bonds | p. 64 |
| Proton-Proton Couplings | p. 64 |
| Couplings Over Five Bonds | p. 68 |
| Proton-Proton Couplings | p. 68 |
| Online Calculators for Coupling Constants and Torsions | p. 70 |
| Summary | p. 72 |
| References | p. 73 |
| Computational Studies of the Role of Glycopyranosyl Oxacarbenium Ions in Glycobiology and Glycochemistry | |
| Introduction | p. 83 |
| Importance of Glycopyranosyl Oxacarbenium Ions | p. 83 |
| Galactopyranosyl Oxacarbenium Ion as an Illustrative Model | p. 84 |
| Background | p. 84 |
| Isolated Cations-Ring and C-5-C-6 Side-Chain Conformations | p. 89 |
| Facially Selective Methanol-Oxacarbenium Ion Complexes | p. 98 |
| The Orientations and Conformations of Side Chains at C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-5 | p. 109 |
| The Role of C-2-O-2 Rotations, Including Neighboring-Group Participation | p. 118 |
| The Role of Proton Transfer in the Transition State for Glycosylation Reactions | p. 130 |
| Differences in Ionization Between - and ß-Donors | p. 136 |
| Conclusions and Future Directions | p. 140 |
| Summary of Glycosylation Reaction Mechanisms | p. 140 |
| Further Calculations Based on Existing Methodology | p. 145 |
| Future Calculations Requiring Methodology Development | p. 145 |
| Experimental Studies of Glycosylation | p. 146 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 147 |
| References | p. 147 |
| Oligosaccharide Synthesis: From Conventional Methods to Modern Expeditious Strategies | |
| Introduction | p. 162 |
| Chemical Glycosylation and Conventional Oligosaccharide Synthesis | p. 165 |
| Principles of Chemical Glycosylation | p. 165 |
| Traditional Linear Oligosaccharide Synthesis | p. 167 |
| Convergent Block Synthesis | p. 169 |
| Selective (Leaving-Group Based) Strategies | p. 177 |
| Selective Activation | p. 177 |
| Two-Step Activation and the In situ Preactivation | p. 182 |
| Active-Latent Strategy | p. 185 |
| Orthogonal and Semi-orthogonal Strategies | p. 188 |
| Deactivation by Steric Hindrance | p. 193 |
| Temporary Deactivation Concept | p. 193 |
| Chemoselective (Protecting-Group Based) Strategies | p. 196 |
| Arming and Disarming with Neighboring Substituents | p. 198 |
| Reactivity-Based Programmable Strategy | p. 201 |
| Disarming by the Remote Substituents | p. 202 |
| Disarming by Torsional Effects | p. 203 |
| Super-Armed Glycosyl Donors | p. 206 |
| Regioselectivity-Based Strategies | p. 208 |
| Hydroxyl Reactivity | p. 208 |
| Triphenylmethyl Reactivity | p. 210 |
| Bidirectional Approaches | p. 211 |
| Novel Technologies for the Rapid and High-Throughput Oligosaccharide Synthesis | p. 213 |
| One-Pot Strategies | p. 214 |
| Polymer-Supported, Solid-Phase, and Automated Synthesis | p. 219 |
| Fluorous Tag-Supported and Microreactor Synthesis | p. 226 |
| Enzymatic Approach | p. 228 |
| Oligosaccharide Synthesis with Glycosyltransferases | p. 230 |
| Oligosaccharide Synthesis with Glycosidases (Hydrolases) | p. 233 |
| Outlook | p. 234 |
| References | p. 236 |
| Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Mannans and Rhamnans | |
| Introduction | p. 251 |
| The -Mannans and -Rhamnans | p. 252 |
| -Mannan Synthesis in the Absence of Neighboring-Group Participation | p. 252 |
| Neighboring Group-Directed -Mannan Synthesis | p. 262 |
| Synthesis of -Rhamnans | p. 281 |
| The ß-Mannans and ß-Rhamnans | p. 286 |
| Introduction | p. 286 |
| ß-Mannan Synthesis by Indirect Methods | p. 286 |
| ß-Rhamnan Synthesis by Indirect Methods | p. 291 |
| ß-Mannan Synthesis by Direct Methods | p. 291 |
| ß-Rhamnan Synthesis by Direct Methods | p. 299 |
| References | p. 301 |
| Glycobiology of Trypanosoma cruzi | |
| Introduction | p. 312 |
| Life Cycle of the Parasite | p. 312 |
| Specific Cell-Surface Glycoconjugates | p. 313 |
| Glycoinositolphospholipids, Free and as Anchors of Proteins | p. 313 |
| Trypanosoma cruzi Mucins | p. 321 |
| T. cruzi Trans-sialidase (TcTS) | p. 336 |
| Other Glycoproteins | p. 352 |
| Concluding Remarks | p. 354 |
| References | p. 355 |
| Author Index | p. 367 |
| Subject Index | p. 393 |
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