Active Radar Electronic Countermeasures

By: Edward J. Chrzanowski

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Hardcover | 1 December 1990

At a Glance

Hardcover
264 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
24.13 x 16.51 x 2.54

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$234.75

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Written to support an intensive short course on the subject. The material is presented as a subset of electronic warfare and is concerned primarily with systems which generate and radiate signals to interfere with hostile radar systems. Chapters deal with search and track radar range and angle count

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Communications Engineering & Telecommunications Radar Technology Electronics Engineering Other Technologies & Applied Sciences Military Engineering

Preface	p. xiii
ECM Overview	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
History	p. 1
Component Requirements	p. 3
ECM Receiver Requirements	p. 4
System Requirements	p. 5
Electronic Warfare	p. 6
Electronic Support Measures (ESM)	p. 6
Electronic Counter-counter Measures (ECCM)	p. 7
Electronic Counter Measures (ECM)	p. 8
Radar Environment	p. 8
Early Warning Radars	p. 8
Height Finding Radars	p. 8
Acquistion Radars	p. 10
Fire Control Radars	p. 11
Terminal Guidance Radars	p. 11
Missile Fuze	p. 12
Communication	p. 12
Radar Concepts	p. 12
Range Measurement	p. 12
Angle Measurement	p. 13
Range Rate Measurement	p. 14
Angular Rate Measurement	p. 14
Electronic Countermeasures Response	p. 14
Early Warning Radar	p. 15
Acquistion Radar	p. 16
Fire Control Radar	p. 16
Terminal Guidance Radars	p. 17
Fuze	p. 18
Summary	p. 18
ECM Principles	p. 21
Introduction	p. 21
Reflected Signal Power Level	p. 22
Power Received at the Radar from a Constant Power Transmitter	p. 30
Jamming-to-Signal Ratio (J/S)	p. 32
Burn-through Range	p. 32
Jammer Power Required	p. 34
Power Dilution due to Jamming Bandwidth	p. 35
Jammer Located at Different Range from Target	p. 35
Jammer Located at Different Angle from Target	p. 37
Constant Power versus Constant Gain Systems	p. 38
Repeater--Constant Gain System	p. 38
Transponder--Constant Power System	p. 38
Noise--Constant Power System	p. 41
Constant Gain System Calculations	p. 41
Limiting Value of a Constant Gain System	p. 43
Effect of Pulse Compression	p. 44
Pulse Compression Using Frequency Modulation	p. 45
Pulse Compression Using Phase Modulation	p. 46
Low Probability of Intercept (LPI)	p. 47
Summary	p. 48
References	p. 49
Search Radar Range Countermeasures	p. 51
Introduction	p. 51
Radar Range Measurement	p. 52
Pulse Radars	p. 53
FM/CW Radars	p. 60
Pulsed Doppler Radars	p. 63
Radar Range ECM	p. 71
Target Cover	p. 72
Target Confusion	p. 75
Velocity ECM	p. 78
Electronic Counter-Countermeasures (ECCM)	p. 81
Carrier Frequency Agile Radars	p. 81
PRF Agile Radars	p. 82
Multiple Radar Capability	p. 82
Noise	p. 83
Multiple False Targets	p. 83
Doppler Radar Jamming	p. 84
Summary	p. 85
References	p. 86
Search Radar Angle Countermeasures	p. 87
Introduction	p. 87
Search Radar Angle Measurement	p. 87
Angle Measurement ECM	p. 91
ERP Required	p. 91
Constant Power ECM Transmitter	p. 92
Inverse Power Programming	p. 93
Doppler Radars	p. 96
Electronic Counter-Countermeasures	p. 99
Introduction	p. 99
Electronically Steerable Antennas	p. 104
Angle ECM Multiple Radar Compatibility	p. 104
Inverse Power Programming	p. 104
Cross-Polarization	p. 105
Range, Doppler and Angle ECM Compatibility	p. 105
Summary	p. 107
Tracking Radar Range Countermeasures	p. 109
Introduction	p. 109
Tracking Radar Range Measurement	p. 111
Pulse Range Tracking	p. 111
Pulse Range Tracking ECM	p. 113
Leading-Edge Tracking	p. 119
Pulsed Doppler Range Tracking	p. 120
Radar Doppler Tracking	p. 122
Doppler Tracking ECM	p. 123
Electronic Counter-Countermeasures	p. 127
Range Gate Pull-off ECCM	p. 127
Velocity Gate Pull-off ECCM	p. 129
Multiple Radar Compatibility	p. 130
Range Gate Pull-off	p. 131
Velocity Gate Pull-off	p. 131
Compatibility Between RGPO and VGPO	p. 131
Summary	p. 132
Tracking Radar Angle Countermeasures	p. 133
Introduction	p. 133
Sequential Lobing Tracking Radars	p. 134
ECM versus Sequential Lobing Radars	p. 138
Swept Square Wave ECM	p. 142
J/S Required	p. 144
Monopulse Tracking Radars	p. 144
Introduction	p. 144
Amplitude Monopulse Tracking Radar	p. 145
Phase Monopulse Tracking Radar	p. 146
Cross-Polarization ECM	p. 148
Cross-Eye	p. 151
J/S Requirement for the Monopulse Techniques	p. 152
Other ECM Techniques	p. 152
Introduction	p. 152
Data Rate Reduction--Sequential Lobing Radars	p. 152
Data Rate Reduction--Monopulse Radars	p. 154
Ground Bounce	p. 155
Expendable Electronic Decoy	p. 156
Track-While-Scan (TWS) Radars	p. 156
Introduction	p. 156
Sequential Scanning TWS Radars	p. 157
TWS Radars Using Electronically Steerable Antennas	p. 160
Downlink ECM	p. 162
Summary	p. 164
Other Radars	p. 165
Introduction	p. 165
Interceptor Guidance Radars	p. 165
Missile Fuze	p. 168
Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR)	p. 171
Resource Management in ECM Systems	p. 177
Introduction	p. 177
Power Sharing	p. 177
Resource Management	p. 178
Resource Management of Responses	p. 179
Resource Sharing in Frequency	p. 179
Resource Sharing in Time	p. 180
Resource Sharing in Space	p. 182
Resource Sharing in Polarization	p. 183
Receiver Requirements for Resource Management	p. 183
Signal Processing	p. 185
Signal Processing Data Flow	p. 185
Summary	p. 188
Radar-ECM Challenges	p. 191
Introduction	p. 191
Radar Developments	p. 192
ECM Developments	p. 195
Future Radar--ECM Advancements	p. 197
Introduction	p. 197
Radar Advancements	p. 197
ECM Advancements	p. 200
Summary	p. 201
Use of the Decibel	p. 203
Introduction	p. 203
Graphing	p. 204
Decibel Determination	p. 206
Conversion from Value to Decibels	p. 208
Converting Decibels to Ratio	p. 209
Who Sees Whom First?	p. 211
Problem	p. 211
Approach	p. 211
Conclusions	p. 212
Example	p. 213
Summary	p. 215
Range Ambiguity Resolution in Pulsed Doppler Radars	p. 217
General	p. 217
Two-PRF Case	p. 218
Range Calculation	p. 218
Effect of Multiple Targets	p. 224
Three-PRF Case	p. 228
Range Calculation	p. 228
Effect of Multiple Targets	p. 232
References	p. 237
Bibliography	p. 239
Index	p. 243
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Active Radar Electronic Countermeasures

At a Glance

Hardcover

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