1300 187 187
Why does peace fail? More precisely, why do some countries that show every sign of having successfully emerged from civil war fall once again into armed conflict? What explains why peace "sticks" after some wars but not others? In this illuminating study, Charles T. Call examines the factors behind fifteen cases of civil war recurrence in Africa, Asia, the Caucasus, and Latin America. He argues that widely touted explanations of civil war - such as poverty, conflict over natural resources, and weak states - are far less important than political exclusion. Call's study shows that inclusion of former opponents in postwar governance plays a decisive role in sustained peace. "Why Peace Fails" ultimately suggests that the international community should resist the temptation to prematurely withdraw resources and peacekeepers after a transition from war. Instead, international actors must remain fully engaged with postwar elected governments, ensuring that they make room for former enemies.
| List of Tables | p. x |
| Acknowledgments | p. xi |
| Introduction: The Tragedy of Civil War Recurrence | p. 1 |
| The Importance of This Book | p. 2 |
| The Central Argument | p. 3 |
| Contributions to Theory | p. 6 |
| Research Design and Methodology | p. 7 |
| Organization of the Book | p. 17 |
| Notes | p. 20 |
| Why Peace Fails: Theory | |
| What Do We Know about Why Peace Fails? | p. 25 |
| What We Know about Civil Wars and Ethnic Conflict | p. 26 |
| Four Approaches to Peacebuilding | p. 30 |
| Clarifying Concepts: Exclusion, Inclusion, and Legitimacy | p. 36 |
| Conclusion | p. 47 |
| Notes | p. 48 |
| Is Civil War Recurrence Distinct from Its Onset? A Quantitative Analysis and the Limits Thereof | p. 50 |
| A Regression Analysis of Civil War Recurrence | p. 51 |
| The Contributions and Limitations of Quantitative Methods for Studying Civil Wars | p. 59 |
| Conclusion | p. 65 |
| Notes | p. 66 |
| Examining the Cases | |
| Liberia: Exclusion and Civil War Recurrence | p. 71 |
| The First Civil War | p. 72 |
| The Onset of Peace | p. 74 |
| The Second Civil War: A Brief Summary | p. 76 |
| Charles Taylor's Exclusionary Behavior | p. 78 |
| Alternative Explanations | p. 81 |
| Insights from Liberia's Second Postwar Peace Process | p. 88 |
| Conclusion | p. 91 |
| Notes | p. 94 |
| Separatist Recurrences of Civil War | p. 96 |
| Sudan: The Marginalization of the South | p. 100 |
| Chechnya: Reneging and Resistance | p. 106 |
| Georgia and South Ossetia: Integration Backfires | p. 110 |
| China and Tibet: Compelled from Autonomy | p. 115 |
| Analyzing Cases of Reneging on Territorial Autonomy | p. 118 |
| Notes | p. 120 |
| Nonseparatist Recurrences of Civil War | p. 122 |
| Precipitating Exclusionary Behavior | p. 123 |
| The Central African Republic: Exclusion and State Weakness | p. 124 |
| Haiti: Political Exclusion and Recurrence | p. 129 |
| East Timor: Liberation, Statehood, and Exclusion | p. 136 |
| Zimbabwe: Liberation, Statehood, and Exclusion | p. 146 |
| Burundi and Rwanda: Chronic Exclusionary Behavior | p. 150 |
| Alternative Explanations and Conclusions | p. 158 |
| Notes | p. 160 |
| Recurrences That Defy the Argument | p. 162 |
| Lebanon: Failed Powersharing | p. 163 |
| Mali: Failed Powersharing | p. 167 |
| Nicaragua: Externally Driven Recurrence | p. 173 |
| Peru: Exclusion, Coca, and Rebel Resurgence | p. 177 |
| Conclusion | p. 179 |
| Notes | p. 181 |
| Making Peace Stick: Inclusionary Politics and Twenty-Seven Nonrecurrent Civil Wars | p. 183 |
| Inclusion, Powersharing, and Peacebuilding Success | p. 186 |
| Powersharing and Peace Consolidation: Examining the Pool of Cases | p. 192 |
| Beyond Powersharing: Inclusionary Behavior and Peace | p. 195 |
| Peace and Exclusionary Behavior? | p. 196 |
| International Troops and "Frozen" Conflicts | p. 202 |
| Notes | p. 209 |
| Implications for Theory and Practice | |
| Conclusions for Theory: Legitimacy-Focused Peacebuilding | p. 213 |
| The Main Findings of the Book | p. 213 |
| Rethinking the Aims and Approaches of Peacebuilding | p. 218 |
| Addressing Limitations | p. 230 |
| Notes | p. 235 |
| Conclusions for Policy and Practice: Can External Actors Build Legitimacy after War? | p. 236 |
| Why Legitimacy Building Is Exceptionally Difficult | p. 237 |
| Beyond Blanket Inclusionary Formulas: Four "Moments" for Key Choices and External Strategy | p. 245 |
| Conclusion | p. 273 |
| Notes | p. 275 |
| References | p. 277 |
| Index | p. 303 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9781589018945
ISBN-10: 158901894X
Audience:
Professional
Format:
Paperback
Language:
English
Number Of Pages: 288
Published: 15th April 2012
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Dimensions (cm): 22.9 x 15.2
x 2.1
Weight (kg): 0.513
9am - 4pm AEST, Monday - Friday
