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Demand for fuel cell technology is growing rapidly. Fuel cells are being commercialized to provide power to buildings like hospitals and schools, to replace batteries in portable electronic devices, and as replacements for internal combustion engines in vehicles. PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cells are lighter, smaller, and more efficient than other types of fuel cell. As a result, over 80% of fuel cells being produced today are PEM cells.
This new edition of Dr. Barbir's groundbreaking book still lays the groundwork for engineers, technicians and students better than any other resource, covering fundamentals of design, electrochemistry, heat and mass transport, as well as providing the context of system design and applications. Yet it now also provides invaluable information on the latest advances in modeling, diagnostics, materials, and components, along with an updated chapter on the evolving applications areas wherein PEM cells are being deployed.ΓΏ
"Of the numerous books on fuel cells I have seen come through our lab in the past few years, I find this one the most useful.I'm already planning to incorporate many items I have gleaned from this book into my public and classroom presentations on hydrogen energy." - Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Letter, September 2005 PEM Fuel Cells "are the primary candidates for light-duty vehicles, for buildings, and potentially for much smaller applications such as replacements for rechargeable batteries in video cameras." - United States Department of Energy
| Foreword | p. ix |
| Preface and acknowledgments | p. xi |
| Preface to the Second Edition | p. xv |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| What Is a Fuel Cell? | p. 1 |
| A Very Brief History of Fuel Cells | p. 4 |
| Types of Fuel Cells | p. 8 |
| How Does a PEM Fuel Cell Work? | p. 10 |
| Why Do We Need Fuel Cells? | p. 12 |
| Fuel Cell Applications | p. 13 |
| References | p. 16 |
| Fuel Cell Basic Chemistry and Thermodynamics | p. 17 |
| Basic Reactions | p. 17 |
| Heat of Reaction | p. 17 |
| Higher and Lower Heating Value of Hydrogen | p. 18 |
| Theoretical Electrical Work | p. 19 |
| Theoretical Fuel Cell Potential | p. 20 |
| Effect of Temperature | p. 21 |
| Theoretical Fuel Cell Efficiency | p. 24 |
| Carnot Efficiency Myth | p. 26 |
| Effect of Pressure | p. 28 |
| Summary | p. 29 |
| Problems | p. 30 |
| Quiz | p. 31 |
| References | p. 32 |
| Fuel Cell Electrochemistry | p. 33 |
| Electrode Kinetics | p. 33 |
| Voltage Losses | p. 39 |
| Cell Potential: Polarization Curve | p. 48 |
| Distribution of Potential Across a Fuel Cell | p. 50 |
| Sensitivity of Parameters in Polarization Curve | p. 52 |
| Fuel Cell Efficiency | p. 59 |
| Implications and Use of Fuel Cell Polarization Curve | p. 61 |
| Solution | p. 65 |
| Solution | p. 66 |
| Solution | p. 67 |
| Problems | p. 69 |
| Quiz | p. 70 |
| References | p. 72 |
| Main Cell Components, Material Properties, and Processes | p. 73 |
| Cell Description | p. 73 |
| Membrane | p. 75 |
| Solution | p. 90 |
| Electrodes | p. 92 |
| Gas Diffusion Layer | p. 97 |
| Bipolar Plates | p. 104 |
| Problems | p. 112 |
| Quiz | p. 113 |
| References | p. 115 |
| Fuel Cell Operating Conditions | p. 119 |
| Operating Pressure | p. 119 |
| Operating Temperature | p. 121 |
| Reactant Flow Rates | p. 124 |
| Reactant Humidity | p. 130 |
| Fuel Cell Mass Balance | p. 144 |
| Fuel Cell Energy Balance | p. 149 |
| Problems | p. 154 |
| Quiz | p. 155 |
| References | p. 157 |
| Stack Design | p. 159 |
| Sizing a Fuel Cell Stack | p. 159 |
| Stack Configuration | p. 163 |
| Uniform Distribution of Reactants to Each Cell | p. 167 |
| Uniform Distribution of Reactants Inside Each Cell | p. 172 |
| Solution | p. 187 |
| Heat Removal from a Fuel Cell Stack | p. 189 |
| Solution | p. 194 |
| Solution | p. 199 |
| Stack Clamping | p. 208 |
| Problems | p. 211 |
| Quiz | p. 212 |
| References | p. 213 |
| Fuel Cell Modeling | p. 217 |
| Theory and Governing Equations | p. 218 |
| Modeling Domains | p. 228 |
| Modeling Examples | p. 231 |
| Conclusions | p. 259 |
| Problems | p. 259 |
| Quiz | p. 260 |
| References | p. 261 |
| Fuel Cell Diagnostics | p. 265 |
| Electrochemical Techniques | p. 266 |
| Physical and Chemical Methods | p. 282 |
| Conclusions | p. 295 |
| Problems | p. 297 |
| Quiz | p. 297 |
| References | p. 299 |
| Fuel Cell System Design | p. 305 |
| Hydrogen/Oxygen Systems | p. 305 |
| Hydrogen/Air Systems | p. 314 |
| Solution | p. 317 |
| Solution | p. 318 |
| Fuel Cell Systems with Fuel Processors | p. 333 |
| Electrical Subsystem | p. 358 |
| System Efficiency | p. 364 |
| Problems | p. 368 |
| Quiz | p. 369 |
| References | p. 371 |
| Fuel Cell Applications | p. 373 |
| Transportation Applications | p. 373 |
| Stationary Power | p. 392 |
| Backup Power | p. 414 |
| Fuel Cells for Small Portable Power | p. 419 |
| Regenerative Fuel Cells and Their Applications | p. 422 |
| Problems | p. 429 |
| Quiz | p. 431 |
| References | p. 432 |
| Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells | p. 435 |
| Introduction | p. 435 |
| Scope and Organization of This Chapter | p. 436 |
| Types of Performance Losses | p. 438 |
| PEFC Components Associated with Different Types of Losses | p. 441 |
| Operating Conditions | p. 447 |
| Accelerated Test Protocols | p. 460 |
| Conclusions and Future Outlook | p. 464 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 466 |
| References | p. 466 |
| Future of Fuel Cells and Hydrogen | p. 469 |
| Introduction | p. 469 |
| A Brief History of Hydrogen as a Fuel | p. 470 |
| Hydrogen Energy Technologies | p. 472 |
| Is the Present Global Energy System Sustainable? | p. 487 |
| Predicting the Future | p. 491 |
| Sustainable Energy System of the Future | p. 495 |
| Transition to Hydrogen or a "Hydricity Economy" | p. 500 |
| The Coming Energy Revolution? | p. 503 |
| Conclusions | p. 505 |
| References | p. 505 |
| Index | p. 509 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780123877109
ISBN-10: 0123877105
Audience:
Professional
Format:
Hardcover
Language:
English
Number Of Pages: 444
Published: 9th November 2012
Dimensions (cm): 23.5 x 16.2
x 3.2
Weight (kg): 0.763
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