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Mathematicians Under the Nazis

Hardcover

Published: 15th July 2003
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Contrary to popular belief--and despite the expulsion, emigration, or death of many German mathematicians--substantial mathematics was produced in Germany during 1933-1945. In this landmark social history of the mathematics community in Nazi Germany, Sanford Segal examines how the Nazi years affected the personal and academic lives of those German mathematicians who continued to work in Germany.

The effects of the Nazi regime on the lives of mathematicians ranged from limitations on foreign contact to power struggles that rattled entire institutions, from changed work patterns to military draft, deportation, and death. Based on extensive archival research, Mathematicians under the Nazis shows how these mathematicians, variously motivated, reacted to the period's intense political pressures. It details the consequences of their actions on their colleagues and on the practice and organs of German mathematics, including its curricula, institutions, and journals. Throughout, Segal's focus is on the biographies of individuals, including mathematicians who resisted the injection of ideology into their profession, some who worked in concentration camps, and others (such as Ludwig Bieberbach) who used the "Aryanization" of their profession to further their own agendas. Some of the figures are no longer well known; others still tower over the field. All lived lives complicated by Nazi power.

Presenting a wealth of previously unavailable information, this book is a large contribution to the history of mathematics--as well as a unique view of what it was like to live and work in Nazi Germany.

The strength of the book lies in its many individual stories and case histories... [It] offer[s] disturbing and important accounts of the life of science and scientists under the Nazis. The Economist The remarkable feature of this book is that in spite of the temptation, the story-telling never succumbs to simplistic descriptions of events or people. The analysis avoids the sentimentality and moral superiority that so often accompany descriptions of the Nazi years... Perhaps this is why Mathematicians under the Nazis is so compelling... This is a perceptive analysis of an important era and well worth reading. -- John H. Ewing Mathematical Reviews A fascinating, well-researched and richly footnoted account of what occurred within a scientific discipline during the Nazi period. -- George G. Szpiro The Jerusalem Report

Preface
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Why Mathematics?p. 1
The Crisis in Mathematicsp. 14
The German Academic Crisisp. 42
Three Mathematical Case Studiesp. 85
The Suss Book Projectp. 86
The Winkelmann Successionp. 106
Hasse's Appointment at Gottingenp. 124
Academic Mathematical Lifep. 168
Erich Bessel-Hagen and the General Atmospherep. 170
Dozentenschaft Reportsp. 174
Foreign Contact and Travelp. 181
Mathematical Campsp. 188
Students and Faculty Before and During Wartimep. 198
The Value of Mathematics in the Nazi Statep. 213
Secondary and Elementary Mathematicsp. 220
The Wartime Drafting of Scientistsp. 226
Mathematical Institutionsp. 229
The Case of Otto Blumenthalp. 231
The Lachmann Paper Incidentp. 234
Max Steck and the "Lambert Project"p. 244
Resistance to Ideological Articlesp. 253
Heinrich Scholz, Logicianp. 255
Miscellaneous Non-German Authorsp. 260
The Bieberbah-Bohr Exchange and the 1934 Meeting of the DMVp. 263
The MR and the Content of University Mathematics Teachingp. 288
The Post-Crisis Mathematical Society and the Role of Wilhelm Sussp. 293
The Creation of the Oberwolfach Institutep. 301
Applied Mathematics in Nazi Germanyp. 306
Mathematics in the Concentration Campsp. 321
Ludwig Bieberbach and "Deutsche Mathematik"p. 334
Bieberbach and Landaup. 339
The Frankfurt Successionp. 341
Bieberbach's Conversion to Intuitionismp. 345
The Bologna Congressp. 349
The Question of Bieberbach's Motivationsp. 356
Mathematics and Typological Psychologyp. 360
Efforts to Ideologize Mathematicsp. 368
Deutsche Mathematikp. 387
The Case of Herbert Knothep. 410
Bieberbach's Standing With Colleaguesp. 414
The Case of Richard Radop. 416
Germans and Jewsp. 419
Wilhelm Blaschkep. 423
The Development of Heinrich Behnke's Attitudesp. 437
Erich Heckep. 439
Oswald Teichmullerp. 442
Ernst Wittp. 451
Richard Courantp. 452
Edmund Landaup. 454
Felix Hausdorffp. 455
Ernst Peschlp. 461
Paul Riebesellp. 462
Helmut Ulm and Alfred Stohrp. 465
Ernst Zermelop. 467
Gerhard Gentzenp. 469
Hans Peterssonp. 471
Erich Kahlerp. 477
Wilhelm Sussp. 480
The Positions of German Mathematiciansp. 488
Appendixp. 493
Bibliographyp. 509
Indexp. 523
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved.

ISBN: 9780691004518
ISBN-10: 069100451X
Audience: Tertiary; University or College
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number Of Pages: 536
Published: 15th July 2003
Dimensions (cm): 24.0 x 16.9  x 3.9
Weight (kg): 0.964