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Recent advances in disciplines such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and neuropharmacology entail a "dual-use dilemma" because they promise benefits for human health and welfare yet pose the risk of misuse for hostile purposes. The emerging field of synthetic genomics, for example, can produce custom DNA molecules for life-saving drugs but also makes possible the creation of deadly viral agents for biological warfare or terrorism. The challenge for policymakers is to prevent the misuse of these new technologies without forgoing their benefits . Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a systematic approach for managing the dual-use dilemma. The book presents a "decision framework" for assessing the security risks of emerging technologies and fashioning governance strategies to manage those risks. This framework is applied to fourteen contemporary case studies, including synthetic genomics, DNA shuffling and directed evolution, combinatorial chemistry, protein engineering, immunological modulation, and aerosol vaccines. The book also draws useful lessons from two historical cases: the development of the V-series nerve agents in Britain and the use and misuse of LSD by the U.S. Army and the CIA.
Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a comprehensive, multifaceted introduction to the challenges of governing dual-use technologies in an era of rapid innovation. The book will be of interest to government officials and other practitioners as well as to students and scholars in security studies, science and technology studies, biology, and chemistry.
"...The book gives an excellent comprehensive analysis of the dual-use dilemma for technologies that have not only beneficial uses but also the potential to cause serious harm. It is a valuable resource for bioethics or biotechnology courses and should surely generate great class discussions." -- M. C. Pavao, Choice
| Foreword | p. ix |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Assessing and Managing Dual-Use Risks | p. 17 |
| Review of the Literature on Dual Use | p. 19 |
| Current Dual-Use Governance Measures | p. 45 |
| The Decision Framework | p. 67 |
| Contemporary Case Studies | p. 85 |
| Technologies for the Acquisition of Novel Biological or Molecular Diversity | p. 87 |
| Combinatorial Chemistry and High-Throughput Screening | p. 89 |
| DNA Shuffling and Directed Evolution | p. 101 |
| Technologies for Directed Design | p. 117 |
| Protein Engineering | p. 119 |
| Synthesis of Viral Genomes | p. 133 |
| Synthetic Biology with Standard Parts | p. 147 |
| Technologies for the Manipulation of Biological Systems | p. 161 |
| Development of Psychoactive Drags | p. 163 |
| Synthesis of Peptide Bioregulators | p. 173 |
| Immunological Modulation | p. 187 |
| Personal Genomics | p. 199 |
| RNA Interference | p. 209 |
| Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation | p. 223 |
| Technologies for Production, Packaging, or Delivery | p. 233 |
| Chemical Micro Process Devices | p. 235 |
| Gene Therapy | p. 249 |
| Aerosol Vaccines | p. 261 |
| Historical Case Studies | p. 271 |
| Development of the V-Series Nerve Agents | p. 273 |
| The Use and Misuse of LSD by the U.S. Army and the CIA | p. 289 |
| Findings and Conclusions | p. 303 |
| Governance of Emerging Dual-Use Technologies | p. 305 |
| Select Bibliography | p. 341 |
| Contributors | p. 345 |
| Index | p. 347 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780262516969
ISBN-10: 0262516969
Audience:
Professional
For Ages: 22+ years old
Format:
Paperback
Language:
English
Number Of Pages: 368
Published: 27th April 2012
Dimensions (cm): 22.7 x 18.1
x 1.665
Weight (kg): 0.576
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