1300 187 187
Explanatory text that treats the complete fundamentals of energy and current energy resources, technologies developments, solutions to energy issues and new concepts ranging from fossil fuel to solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, ocean energy, geothermal energy, hydrogen energy, fuel cells, thermo-electric systems, nuclear energy and nanotechnology concepts to generate clean energy. The theoretical aspects of various energy conversion technologies, and design practices in light of national and international perspectives are discussed with educational examples. Every technique is explained in detail and every chapter is concluded with a reference section, recommended reading and a number of questions. Intended for university students with various backgrounds, who are involved in energy science and engineering (chemistry, physics, environmental sciences, earth sciences, petroleum, mining and mechanical engineering). Recommended for professionals seeking an introduction to the subject.
| Introduction - Energy Fundamental Concepts, Sources and Utilization | |
| Introduction | |
| Energy Cycle of the Earth | |
| Scientific Concepts of Energy | |
| Different Forms of Energy | |
| Properties of Energy | |
| Energy Sinks | |
| Energy Units | |
| Classification of Energy Resources | |
| Nonrenewable Energy Sources | |
| Renewable Energy Sources | |
| Global non-renewable Energy Resources | |
| Trends of Global Energy Usage | |
| Energy Consumption by Energy type | |
| Energy Consumption by Sector wise | |
| Right Mix of Utilization Energy Resources | |
| Changing Energy Mix of USA | |
| The Changing Energy Mix of India | |
| Energy Parameters for National Developmental Planning | |
| Energy Intensity | |
| Energy Planning | |
| India-Energy-GDT-Elasticity | |
| Environmental Effects of Energy Usage | |
| Climate Change - Greenhouse Gas (CO2) Emissions from Energy Usage | |
| Renewable Energy Sources and their Importance | |
| Environmental Effects of Renewable Energy Resources | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Solar Energy | |
| Introduction | |
| Characteristics of Solar Radiation | |
| Extra Terrestrial Radiation | |
| Spectral Distribution | |
| Power Density and Solar Constant | |
| Solar Constant (So) | |
| Solar energy potential | |
| Solar Radiation Distribution Over Earth Surface | |
| Solar Geometry: Sun-Earth Geometric Relationship | |
| Angle of Declination | |
| Geographic distribution of solar radiation | |
| Solar Energy: Indian Scenario | |
| Solar Radiation Measurement - Instruments | |
| Full-Sky Instruments | |
| Eppley Precision Spectral Pyranometer (PSP) | |
| Direct Sunlight Instruments | |
| Broadband Detectors | |
| Spectrally Selective Detectors | |
| Finding the location of the Sun | |
| Solar Energy Technologies | |
| Solar Thermal Power and Its Conversion | |
| Flat plate collector | |
| Main Components of Flat Plate Collector | |
| Design aspects for Flat Plate Collector | |
| Collector - Plate configuration | |
| Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Systems | |
| Solar Collectors Efficiency | |
| Acceptance Angle | |
| Thermodynamic Limits of Concentration (Max Achievable Temperature) | |
| Tubular Solar Energy Collectors | |
| Types of concentrating collectors | |
| Parabolic Dish System | |
| The Central Tower Receiver System | |
| The Parabolic Trough System | |
| System Description | |
| Plant Overview | |
| Tracking CPC and solar swing | |
| Solar Energy Storage Methods | |
| Large Scale Energy Storage methods | |
| Solar Pond | |
| Practical Design Considerations | |
| Applications | |
| Solar Energy Applications | |
| Solar Water Heating | |
| Solar Distillation | |
| Solar Pumping | |
| Solar Cooking | |
| Solar Energy for Heating, Cooling and Ventilation | |
| Solar thermal power | |
| Thermoelectric technology | |
| Thermionic technology | |
| Magneto-hydrodynamic technology | |
| Alkali-metal thermoelectric technology | |
| Photovoltaic Effect | |
| Mechanism of Conversion of Photoelectric Effect into Electric Current | |
| Effect of Light on Silicon | |
| Built-in Potential in a solar cell | |
| Semiconductor Junction | |
| The Potential Barrier in Action | |
| Photo-induced electric Current | |
| Efficiency of Solar Photovoltaic Cell | |
| Photovoltaic Materials | |
| Types of PV cell materials | |
| Concentrator cells | |
| Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) | |
| Amorphous Silicon (aSi) | |
| Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) | |
| Copper Indium Diselenide (CuInSe2, or CIS) | |
| Application of Photovoltaics | |
| Standalone Solar Photovoltaic Systems for Residential Applications | |
| System Design Considerations | |
| Designing a Quality PV System | |
| Installing a PV System | |
| Standard Test Conditions | |
| Grid-connected systems | |
| Central Power Plants | |
| Grid-Connected Applications | |
| Basic Photovoltaic Principles and Methods | |
| Central Station Production | |
| Distributed Production | |
| Hybrid Systems | |
| Brayton Cycle Electricity Production | |
| Thermoelectric Generators | |
| Some New Trends in Hybrid PV systems Research | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Biomass Energy | |
| Photo Synthesis | |
| Biomass energy | |
| The potential of biomass energy | |
| Biomass Energy Conversion Technologies | |
| Bio Mass Conversion Routes | |
| Classification of Biomass Conversion Technologies | |
| Biogas | |
| What is biogas | |
| Biogas and the global carbon cycle | |
| Bio Gas Production and Process Microbiology | |
| Important Characteristics of biogas as a Fuel | |
| Biogas plant Technology | |
| Biogas Digester | |
| Community Bio Gas plantCriteria | |
| Design of Digesters | |
| Operating Factors for Maintenance of Anaerobic Reactor | |
| Raw Materials | |
| Influent Solids Content | |
| Loading | |
| Seeding | |
| pH | |
| Temperature | |
| Nutrients | |
| Toxic Materials | |
| Stirring | |
| Retention Time | |
| Location of Digesters | |
| Applications of Bio Gas | |
| Storage /Transport of Bio Gas for combined heat and power applications (CHP) | |
| Storage Systems | |
| Distribution of Biomethane | |
| Bottlenecks in Bio gas production and research & development | |
| Bio Mass Fuel Properties | |
| Biomass Gasification Process | |
| Product Gas | |
| Gasification for Power Generation | |
| Updraft Gasifiers | |
| Down Draft Gasifiers | |
| Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste | |
| Basic Techniques Of Energy Recovery | |
| Parameters affecting Energy Recovery | |
| Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential | |
| Technological Options for recovery of energy from MSW | |
| Power Generation from Biomass Direct Combustion and CoFiring | |
| Organic Rankine Cycle | |
| Future Biomass Combustion Technologies | |
| Bio Mass Cogeneration | |
| Biomass Gasification and CHP Units | |
| Biomass Pellet and Compressed Fuels | |
| Cogeneration Issues in India | |
| Energy Plantation | |
| Social Forestry | |
| Environmental impacts of biomass energy systems | |
| Biomass Resource Development in India | |
| Biomass Energy Policies and Programs | |
| Technological advancement in Biomass energy | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Wind Energy | |
| Properties of wind | |
| Wind Energy | |
| Global potential of wind energy | |
| Availability of wind energy in India | |
| Wind Velocity and Winds Energy | |
| Wind Resources | |
| Weibull Distribution | |
| Wind Machine Fundamentals | |
| Principles of Wind Energy Conversion | |
| Tipspeed ratio | |
| Coefficient of performance (CP) | |
| Solidity | |
| Windmill performance | |
| Horizontal and Vertical axis wind mills | |
| Design Aspects of Horizontal axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) | |
| Aerodynamics | |
| Wind turbine power coefficient | |
| Power control | |
| Pitch control | |
| Other controls | |
| Generator | |
| Blades | |
| Blade design | |
| Blade count | |
| Blade materials | |
| Tower | |
| Tower height | |
| Foundations | |
| Design Aspects of Verticalaxis wind turbines (VAWTs) | |
| General Aero Dynamics | |
| Advantages of vertical axis wind turbines | |
| Disadvantages of vertical axis wind turbines | |
| Wind Mill Site Selection | |
| Wind Power vs. Tower height | |
| Wind Energy Farms | |
| Wind Power Economics | |
| Cost and Operating Characteristics of Wind Power | |
| Wind Operation and System Integration Issues | |
| Recent Technology developments | |
| ACDCAC Converters | |
| Hybrid Wind, Battery, And Diesel Systems in China | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Ocean Energy | |
| Ocean Energy Fundamental Concepts | |
| Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) | |
| Principles & Systems | |
| Location of OTEC System | |
| Different OTEC Systems for Power Generation | |
| Open cyclesOTEC | |
| Closed cyclesOTEC | |
| Hybrid OTEC Systems | |
| OTEC Systems for other applications | |
| Advantages and disadvantages | |
| Environmental Impacts | |
| OTEC Potential in India | |
| Wave Energy, Conversion Machines, Power plants based on Ocean energy | |
| Ocean Waves | |
| Estimation of Wave Energy Potential in India | |
| Wave Climate | |
| Wave Energy Calculations | |
| Wave Energy and Power | |
| Energy and Power Density | |
| Power per meter of Wave Front | |
| Energy at Varying Depths | |
| Wave Power for Electricity Generation | |
| Energy Conversion in Point Absorber | |
| Float Type Point Absorber | |
| Energy Equations for Float & Tube type Point Absorber | |
| Tapered channel system for Wave Energy | |
| Energy Conversion in an Oscillating Water Column(OWC) | |
| Operation of OWC-WEC | |
| OWC Design | |
| OWC Energy Equations | |
| Overtopping Wave Energy Converter | |
| Environmental Impact | |
| Economics of Ocean Energy and Power Unit Cost of different Technologies | |
| Ocean Energy Options for Indian economy | |
| Tidal power | |
| Basic Scientific Concepts of Tides and Tidal Power | |
| Tidal Force | |
| Tidal Energy | |
| Tidal Energy Logistics | |
| Energy Equations of Tides | |
| Power Generation from Tidal Energy | |
| Different Approaches For Extracting Tidal Energy | |
| Different Turbine configurations | |
| Environmental Friendliness | |
| Tidal Energy Costs | |
| Tidal Power Pros | |
| Tidal Power Cons | |
| Kyoto Protocol and Relevance of Exploration of Ocean Energy | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Geothermal Energy | |
| Introduction | |
| Structure of earth's interior | |
| Geothermal sites | |
| Global Geothermal Sites | |
| Geosites in India | |
| Earthquakes & Volcanoes | |
| Converging Plate Boundaries | |
| Divergence Plate Boundaries | |
| Conservative Plate Boundaries | |
| Geothermal resources | |
| Natural Hydrothermal Reservoirs | |
| Geopressured Reservoirs | |
| Hot Dry Rock (HDR) | |
| Ultra lowgrade systems | |
| Hot springs | |
| Steam Ejection | |
| Principal of working of Geothermal Plant | |
| Types of geothermal station schematic representation | |
| Dry Steam Power Plants | |
| FlashSteam Power Plants | |
| Binary Power Plants | |
| Site selection for geothermal power plants | |
| Advanced concepts | |
| NonElectrical Applications | |
| Geothermal Heat Pumps | |
| Estimated U.S. Geothermal Resources | |
| Worldwide Geothermal Capacities | |
| Geothermal Efforts in India | |
| Problems associated with geothermal conversion | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Hydrogen Energy | |
| Introduction | |
| Properties of hydrogen in respect of it's use as source of renewable energy | |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mass | |
| State | |
| Odor, color and taste | |
| Toxicity | |
| Density and related quantities | |
| Leakage | |
| Chemical and Combustion Properties | |
| ByProducts | |
| Energy | |
| Flammability | |
| Sources of hydrogen | |
| Production of hydrogen | |
| Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) | |
| Chemistry | |
| SMR Plant | |
| Elements of the SMR Plant | |
| Feedstock | |
| Pretreatment | |
| PreReforming Section | |
| Reforming Section | |
| Gas Conversion Section | |
| Syngas Cooling And Shift Reaction Section | |
| Pressure Swing Absorption (Psa) Section | |
| Electrolysis | |
| Gasification of Biomass | |
| Nuclear Based Hydrogen Production | |
| Storage and transportation | |
| Storage | |
| Compressed hydrogen | |
| Liquefied hydrogen | |
| Hydrogen in solid form | |
| Transportation | |
| Pipelines | |
| Transport of liquid hydrogen | |
| Roadway transportation | |
| Ocean/Air transportation | |
| Problems with hydrogen as fuel | |
| Development of hydrogen cartridge | |
| Economics of hydrogen fuel and its use | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Fuel Cells | |
| Fuel Cells | |
| Introduction | |
| Principle of operation of an acidic fuel cell | |
| Design of a typical fuel cell | |
| Reusable cells, Ideal fuel cells | |
| Other types of fuel cells | |
| Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC) | |
| Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) | |
| Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) | |
| Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) | |
| Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) | |
| Comparison between acidic and alkaline hydrogenoxygen fuel cells | |
| Efficiency and EMF of fuel cells | |
| EMF of fuel cell | |
| Efficiency of fuel cells | |
| Operating characteristics of fuel cells | |
| Efficiency | |
| PartLoad Characteristics | |
| Response time | |
| Emissions | |
| Esthetics | |
| Miscellaneous characteristics | |
| Fuel cell power plants | |
| Advantages of Fuel Cell Power Plants | |
| Future potential of fuel cells | |
| USA and International Market in Fuel Cells | |
| Fuelcell R&D in India | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Thermo-Electric Systems | |
| Thermo-Electric Systems | |
| Introduction | |
| Kelvin relations | |
| Power generation | |
| Efficiency and Performance | |
| Typical values of a thermoelectric device: | |
| Properties of thermoelectric materials | |
| Figure of Merit | |
| Electrical Conductivity | |
| Seebeck Coefficient | |
| Thermal Conductivity | |
| Thermoelectric Materials | |
| Fusion Plasma generators | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Nuclear Energy | |
| Introduction | |
| Principles of nuclear energy | |
| Basic components of nuclear reactions | |
| Radioactivity and decay | |
| Nuclear fission and fusion | |
| Nuclear Fusion | |
| Nuclear Fission | |
| Nuclear Chain Reaction | |
| Nuclear Fission reactors | |
| Nuclear Fuel | |
| Moderator | |
| Critical mass | |
| Coolant | |
| Reflector | |
| Containment | |
| Multiplication Factor | |
| Conversion Ratio of a reactor | |
| Neutron flux in Nuclear Reactor | |
| Uranium Enrichment | |
| Gas centrifuge method: | |
| Gas diffusion method | |
| Thermal diffusion method | |
| Laser Excitation Method | |
| Types of Nuclear Reactors | |
| Lay out of nuclear power station | |
| Nuclear fuel cycle | |
| Radiation interactions and dose | |
| Site selection of nuclear power plant | |
| Safety measures in nuclear power plant | |
| Nuclear power plant cost and economics | |
| Major Nuclear power disasters | |
| Three Mile Island | |
| Chernobyl | |
| Fukushima DaiIchi (Fukushima I) | |
| Reactors around the world | |
| Nuclear Industry in USA | |
| Nuclear Power in India | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Application of Nano Technologies for Clean Energy | |
| Growing Global Energy demandRole of New Technologies | |
| Nanotechnologies for Clean Energy | |
| Classification of Nano Technologies For Clean Energy | |
| Application of nanotechnologies in Energy Generation Process | |
| Solar Energy: Nano materials for Photovoltaics | |
| Nano materials for Geothermal& Wind Energy applications | |
| Nano materials for manipulation of Fossil Fuels | |
| Nano Technologies for Nuclear Fuels | |
| Nanomaterials in Energy Conversion technologies | |
| Thermo electricsNanotechnologies | |
| Nano Technologies for Fuel Cell | |
| Nano Technologies in Energy Distribution | |
| Nano Technologies for Energy Storage | |
| Nano Carbons as Super Capacitor Materials | |
| Super capacitor and Li Batteries - Nano Carbons | |
| Li intercalated nano carbons for Lithium Batteries | |
| Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Storage | |
| Nano Technologies in Energy Usage | |
| Conclusions | |
| References, and Suggested Reading, Typical Questions | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780415621137
ISBN-10: 0415621135
Audience:
Professional
Format:
Hardcover
Language:
English
Number Of Pages: 550
Published: 27th July 2012
Dimensions (cm): 24.6 x 17.4
x 3.0
Weight (kg): 1.157
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